题目

When most of us take a bite of a sandwich during lunchtime, we're not thinking about how our meal impacts the earth's atmosphere and contributes to climate change. Yet scientists say the food and agriculture sector is a major emitter (发射体) of planet-warming greenhouse gases. Producing and cooking food contributes around 30 percent of carbon emissions worldwide, researchers say. That's more than the emissions from personal travel, lighting, and heating and air conditioning combined.How is it that producing and eating food contributes so much to global warming? Several factors are noticeable: Livestock (牲畜) production is responsible for around half of all carbon emissions from the agriculture, forestry, and land-use sectors, researchers say. Put another way, a third of the crops grown worldwide are fed to animals to produce meat, a system experts say is highly inefficient. Food waste is another major contributor to carbon emissions. It is estimated that around a third of all food produced for human consumption is wasted. If less food is wasted, less will need to be grown. Emissions from agricultural machinery and the transportation of crops and livestock also play a role, as does inefficient land use and the clearing of rainforests to make space for food production. In many places that means trees and rainforests were razed to make space for crop and livestock production, reducing the earth's ability to absorb carbon dioxide.29. What might be the solution to change food-related emissions?A. Reducing food waste.B. Reducing land use and crop production.C. Reducing crop production personnel.D. Reducing the use of agricultural machinery.

When most of us take a bite of a sandwich during lunchtime, we're not thinking about how our meal impacts the earth's atmosphere and contributes to climate change. Yet scientists say the food and agriculture sector is a major emitter (发射体) of planet-warming greenhouse gases. Producing and cooking food contributes around 30 percent of carbon emissions worldwide, researchers say. That's more than the emissions from personal travel, lighting, and heating and air conditioning combined.

How is it that producing and eating food contributes so much to global warming? Several factors are noticeable: Livestock (牲畜) production is responsible for around half of all carbon emissions from the agriculture, forestry, and land-use sectors, researchers say. Put another way, a third of the crops grown worldwide are fed to animals to produce meat, a system experts say is highly inefficient. Food waste is another major contributor to carbon emissions. It is estimated that around a third of all food produced for human consumption is wasted. If less food is wasted, less will need to be grown. Emissions from agricultural machinery and the transportation of crops and livestock also play a role, as does inefficient land use and the clearing of rainforests to make space for food production. In many places that means trees and rainforests were razed to make space for crop and livestock production, reducing the earth's ability to absorb carbon dioxide.

29. What might be the solution to change food-related emissions?
A. Reducing food waste.
B. Reducing land use and crop production.
C. Reducing crop production personnel.
D. Reducing the use of agricultural machinery.

题目解答

答案

本文指出，食物与农业部门是全球温室气体排放的重要来源（约占30%），其主要驱动因素包括：

  • 畜牧业生产（占农业、林业和土地利用部门碳排放约50%）
  • 三分之一的作物用于饲养牲畜（效率低下）
  • 食物浪费（约三分之一供人类消费的食物被浪费）
  • 农业机械、运输、土地利用低效及雨林砍伐

针对“如何改变食物相关排放”，文章明确给出逻辑链：
> 减少食物浪费 → 减少需种植的作物量 → 降低整体碳排放

选项分析：

  • A. Reducing food waste —— 直接对应文中“Food waste is another major contributor... If less food is wasted, less will need to be grown.”，是唯一在文中被明确支持的解决方案。
  • B. Reducing land use and crop production —— 文中未建议“减少生产”，而是强调“提高效率”或“优化土地利用”，此选项偏离主旨。
  • C. Reducing crop production personnel —— 文中未提及人员数量与排放的关系，无关。
  • D. Reducing the use of agricultural machinery —— 虽提及机械排放，但未提出作为解决方案，非核心对策。

因此，最符合文意且具可行性的方案为：

A. Reducing food waste

该措施通过减少需求端浪费，间接降低上游种植、运输、畜牧等环节的碳足迹，形成系统性减排效应。

解析

本题考查对文章内容的理解以及根据文章信息解决问题的能力。解题的关键在于理解文章中提到的食物相关排放的主要因素，并分析每个选项是否能有效解决这些排放问题。

  1. 首先明确文章指出食物与农业部门是全球温室气体排放的重要来源，约占全球碳排放的30%。
  2. 接着分析食物相关排放的主要因素：
    • 畜牧业生产是农业、林业和土地利用部门碳排放的主要原因，约占一半，且三分之一的作物用于饲养牲畜，效率低下。
    • 食物浪费是另一个主要的碳排放因素，约三分之一供人类消费的食物被浪费。
    • 农业机械的排放、农作物和牲畜的运输、土地利用效率低下以及为了粮食生产砍伐雨林等也会导致碳排放。
  3. 然后对每个选项进行分析：
    • A选项：文章提到“Food waste is another major contributor to carbon emissions. It is estimated that around a third of all food produced for human consumption is wasted. If less food is wasted, less will need to be grown.”，说明减少食物浪费可以减少需要种植的作物量，从而降低整体碳排放，该选项符合文意。
    • B选项：文章强调的是提高土地利用效率和优化生产方式，而不是减少土地使用和作物生产，此选项偏离了文章主旨。
    • C选项：文章中并没有提及减少作物生产人员与降低食物相关排放之间的关系，该选项无关。
    • D选项：虽然文章提到了农业机械的排放，但并没有将减少农业机械的使用作为解决食物相关排放的主要方案，该选项不是核心对策。