阅读理解 Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States? Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse. a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity (身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes, They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible (可减税的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes. Primary among the arguments against uniform, is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms. the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly. on the job at least. Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain. requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes. 1．It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality ________. [ ] A．still judge a man by his clothes B．hold the uniform in such high regard C．enjoy having a professional identity D．will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform 2．People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform ________. [ ] A．suggests quality work B．discards his social identity C．appears to be more practical. D．looks superior to a person in civilian clothe, 3．The chief function of a uniform is to ________. [ ] A．provide practical benefits to the wearer B．make the wearer catch the public eye C．inspire the wearer's confidence in himself D．provide the wearer with a professional identity 4．According to the passage, people wearing uniforms ________. [ ] A．are usually helpful B．have little or no inividtilal freedom C．tend to lose their individuality D．enjoy greater popularity 5．The best title for this passage would be ________. [ ] A．Uniform and Soeiety B．The Importance of Wearing a Uniform C．Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform D．Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms
阅读理解
Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse. a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity (身份) than to step out of uniform?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes, They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible (可减税的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniform, is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms. the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly. on the job at least.
Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain. requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.
1．It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality ________.
[ ]
A．still judge a man by his clothes
B．hold the uniform in such high regard
C．enjoy having a professional identity
D．will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform
2．People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform ________.
[ ]
A．suggests quality work
B．discards his social identity
C．appears to be more practical.
D．looks superior to a person in civilian clothe,
3．The chief function of a uniform is to ________.
[ ]
A．provide practical benefits to the wearer
B．make the wearer catch the public eye
C．inspire the wearer's confidence in himself
D．provide the wearer with a professional identity
4．According to the passage, people wearing uniforms ________.
[ ]
A．are usually helpful
B．have little or no inividtilal freedom
C．tend to lose their individuality
D．enjoy greater popularity
5．The best title for this passage would be ________.
[ ]
A．Uniform and Soeiety
B．The Importance of Wearing a Uniform
C．Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform
D．Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms
题目解答
答案
解析
文章主旨：本文探讨了美国人对制服的矛盾态度——既崇尚个体自由，又对制服怀有特殊尊重。文章从优点（专业性、实际便利）和缺点（缺乏个性、实际问题）两方面展开论述，最终形成对比。
考查要点：
- 主旨理解：需抓住文章核心矛盾（个体性与制服统一性）。
- 细节推断：通过上下文逻辑判断隐含观点（如制服如何影响身份认同）。
- 标题归纳：需综合全文正反两面内容，提炼核心论题。
第1题
关键句：首段指出美国人“崇拜多样性却尊重制服”，形成对比。
选项分析：
- B（对制服如此重视）直接对应文章矛盾核心，其他选项未抓住“尊重制服”这一反差。
第2题
关键句：第2段“People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform.”
选项分析：
- A（暗示高质量工作）符合“expect superior quality”，其他选项偏离文意。
第3题
关键句：第2段“Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform”（专业身份强化信任）。
选项分析：
- D（提供专业身份）是制服的核心功能，其他选项（如实际便利）为次要作用。
第4题
关键句：第4段“loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them”（制服导致个体性丧失）。
选项分析：
- C（失去个体性）直接对应原文，其他选项未涉及核心缺点。
第5题
关键句：全文正反论述（优点+缺点）。
选项分析：
- D（正反两面）最全面概括，其他选项片面强调单一角度。