题目
"YOUNG people ought not to be idle （闲置的）. It is very bad for them，" said Margaret Thatcher in 1984. She was right： there are few worse things that society can do to its young than to leave them ignored. Yet more young people are idle than ever. The International Labour Organization reports that 75 m （m=million） young people globally are looking for a job. World Bank surveys suggest that 262 m young people are economically inactive. The number of young people without a job is nearly as large as the population of America （311 m）. Two factors play a big part. First， the long slowdown in the West has reduced demand for labour， and it is easier to put off hiring young people than it is to fire older workers. Second， in emerging economies population growth is the fastest in countries with disordered labour markets， such as India and Egypt. One possible way to settle this problem is to stimulate growth. That is easier said than done in a world suffering from debt， and is anyway a possible answer. The countries where the problem is worst （such as Spain and Egypt） suffered from high youth unemployment even when their economies were growing. Throughout the recession（经济不景气），companies have continued to complain that they cannot find young people with the right skills. This underlines the importance of two other solutions： reforming labour markets and improving education. Youth unemployment is often at its worst in countries with inflexible labour markets. High taxes on hiring， strict rules about firing， high minimum wages： all these help force young people to the street corner. South Africa has some of the highest unemployment， in part because it has powerful trade unions and inflexible rules about hiring and firing. Many countries with high youth unemployment rate have high minimum wages and heavy taxes on labour. India has around 200 laws on work and pay. Across the OECD （经合组织）， people who left school at the earliest opportunity are twice as likely to be unemployed as university graduates. But it is unwise to conclude that governments should simply continue increasing the number of people who graduate from university. In both Britain and the United States many people with arts degrees are finding it impossible to get appropriate jobs. In North Africa university graduates are twice as likely to be unemployed as non-graduates. What matters is not just number of years of education people get， but its content. This means expanding the study of science and technology and closing the gap between the world of education and the world of work-for example by upgrading vocational education and by building closer relations between companies and schools. Germany， which has the second lowest level of youth unemployment in the rich world， owns long-history system of vocational schooling and apprenticeships （学徒制）. The problem of youth unemployment has been getting worse for several years. But there are at last some reasons for hope. Governments are trying to address the mismatch between education and the labour market. Companies are beginning to take more responsibility for the young. The world has a real chance of introducing an education-and-training revolution worthy of the solution to the problem.（1）In paragraph 2， the author highlighted the high youth unemployment rate by ____ .A. citing quotations and showing figuresB. showing figures and making a comparisonC. giving examples and showing figuresD. making a comparison and giving examples（2）According to the passage， which of the following statements may the author approve of？ ____ A. Firms fire more older workers than the young in the economic slowdown.B. As long as the economy grows youth unemployment will soon be settled.C. Powerful trade unions and high minimum wages lead to high employment.D. A flexible labour market is not enough to raise youth employment.（3）In paragraph 6， the author mentioned the German government's effort in order to show ____ .A. deregulating labour markets is the key to settling youth unemploymentB. a flexible labour market can not guarantee low employmentC. governments need to get involved in lowering youth unemploymentD. high minimum wages account for high youth unemployment（4）The passage mainly talks about ____ .A. factors contributing to low youth unemploymentB. possible ways to settle global youth unemploymentC. the need for labour market revolutionD. the relations between education and employment
"YOUNG people ought not to be idle （闲置的）. It is very bad for them，" said Margaret Thatcher in 1984. She was right： there are few worse things that society can do to its young than to leave them ignored.
Yet more young people are idle than ever. The International Labour Organization reports that 75 m （m=million） young people globally are looking for a job. World Bank surveys suggest that 262 m young people are economically inactive. The number of young people without a job is nearly as large as the population of America （311 m）.
Two factors play a big part. First， the long slowdown in the West has reduced demand for labour， and it is easier to put off hiring young people than it is to fire older workers. Second， in emerging economies population growth is the fastest in countries with disordered labour markets， such as India and Egypt.
One possible way to settle this problem is to stimulate growth. That is easier said than done in a world suffering from debt， and is anyway a possible answer. The countries where the problem is worst （such as Spain and Egypt） suffered from high youth unemployment even when their economies were growing. Throughout the recession（经济不景气），companies have continued to complain that they cannot find young people with the right skills. This underlines the importance of two other solutions： reforming labour markets and improving education.
Youth unemployment is often at its worst in countries with inflexible labour markets. High taxes on hiring， strict rules about firing， high minimum wages： all these help force young people to the street corner. South Africa has some of the highest unemployment， in part because it has powerful trade unions and inflexible rules about hiring and firing. Many countries with high youth unemployment rate have high minimum wages and heavy taxes on labour. India has around 200 laws on work and pay.
Across the OECD （经合组织）， people who left school at the earliest opportunity are twice as likely to be unemployed as university graduates. But it is unwise to conclude that governments should simply continue increasing the number of people who graduate from university. In both Britain and the United States many people with arts degrees are finding it impossible to get appropriate jobs. In North Africa university graduates are twice as likely to be unemployed as non-graduates.
What matters is not just number of years of education people get， but its content. This means expanding the study of science and technology and closing the gap between the world of education and the world of work-for example by upgrading vocational education and by building closer relations between companies and schools. Germany， which has the second lowest level of youth unemployment in the rich world， owns long-history system of vocational schooling and apprenticeships （学徒制）.
The problem of youth unemployment has been getting worse for several years. But there are at last some reasons for hope. Governments are trying to address the mismatch between education and the labour market. Companies are beginning to take more responsibility for the young. The world has a real chance of introducing an education-and-training revolution worthy of the solution to the problem.
（1）In paragraph 2， the author highlighted the high youth unemployment rate by ____ .
A. citing quotations and showing figures
B. showing figures and making a comparison
C. giving examples and showing figures
D. making a comparison and giving examples
（2）According to the passage， which of the following statements may the author approve of？ ____
A. Firms fire more older workers than the young in the economic slowdown.
B. As long as the economy grows youth unemployment will soon be settled.
C. Powerful trade unions and high minimum wages lead to high employment.
D. A flexible labour market is not enough to raise youth employment.
（3）In paragraph 6， the author mentioned the German government's effort in order to show ____ .
A. deregulating labour markets is the key to settling youth unemployment
B. a flexible labour market can not guarantee low employment
C. governments need to get involved in lowering youth unemployment
D. high minimum wages account for high youth unemployment
（4）The passage mainly talks about ____ .
A. factors contributing to low youth unemployment
B. possible ways to settle global youth unemployment
C. the need for labour market revolution
D. the relations between education and employment
Yet more young people are idle than ever. The International Labour Organization reports that 75 m （m=million） young people globally are looking for a job. World Bank surveys suggest that 262 m young people are economically inactive. The number of young people without a job is nearly as large as the population of America （311 m）.
Two factors play a big part. First， the long slowdown in the West has reduced demand for labour， and it is easier to put off hiring young people than it is to fire older workers. Second， in emerging economies population growth is the fastest in countries with disordered labour markets， such as India and Egypt.
One possible way to settle this problem is to stimulate growth. That is easier said than done in a world suffering from debt， and is anyway a possible answer. The countries where the problem is worst （such as Spain and Egypt） suffered from high youth unemployment even when their economies were growing. Throughout the recession（经济不景气），companies have continued to complain that they cannot find young people with the right skills. This underlines the importance of two other solutions： reforming labour markets and improving education.
Youth unemployment is often at its worst in countries with inflexible labour markets. High taxes on hiring， strict rules about firing， high minimum wages： all these help force young people to the street corner. South Africa has some of the highest unemployment， in part because it has powerful trade unions and inflexible rules about hiring and firing. Many countries with high youth unemployment rate have high minimum wages and heavy taxes on labour. India has around 200 laws on work and pay.
Across the OECD （经合组织）， people who left school at the earliest opportunity are twice as likely to be unemployed as university graduates. But it is unwise to conclude that governments should simply continue increasing the number of people who graduate from university. In both Britain and the United States many people with arts degrees are finding it impossible to get appropriate jobs. In North Africa university graduates are twice as likely to be unemployed as non-graduates.
What matters is not just number of years of education people get， but its content. This means expanding the study of science and technology and closing the gap between the world of education and the world of work-for example by upgrading vocational education and by building closer relations between companies and schools. Germany， which has the second lowest level of youth unemployment in the rich world， owns long-history system of vocational schooling and apprenticeships （学徒制）.
The problem of youth unemployment has been getting worse for several years. But there are at last some reasons for hope. Governments are trying to address the mismatch between education and the labour market. Companies are beginning to take more responsibility for the young. The world has a real chance of introducing an education-and-training revolution worthy of the solution to the problem.
（1）In paragraph 2， the author highlighted the high youth unemployment rate by ____ .
A. citing quotations and showing figures
B. showing figures and making a comparison
C. giving examples and showing figures
D. making a comparison and giving examples
（2）According to the passage， which of the following statements may the author approve of？ ____
A. Firms fire more older workers than the young in the economic slowdown.
B. As long as the economy grows youth unemployment will soon be settled.
C. Powerful trade unions and high minimum wages lead to high employment.
D. A flexible labour market is not enough to raise youth employment.
（3）In paragraph 6， the author mentioned the German government's effort in order to show ____ .
A. deregulating labour markets is the key to settling youth unemployment
B. a flexible labour market can not guarantee low employment
C. governments need to get involved in lowering youth unemployment
D. high minimum wages account for high youth unemployment
（4）The passage mainly talks about ____ .
A. factors contributing to low youth unemployment
B. possible ways to settle global youth unemployment
C. the need for labour market revolution
D. the relations between education and employment
题目解答
答案
（1）D. 细节理解题。根据原文第二段" The International Labour Organization reports that 75 m （m=million） young people globally are looking for a job. World Bank surveys suggest that 262 m young people are economically inactive. 国际劳工组织报告说，全球有7500万年轻人在找工作。世界银行的调查显示，有2.62亿年轻人没有从事经济活动。"中提到的数字可知在第2段中，作者通过比较举例强调了青年失业率居高不下的问题。故选D.
（2）D．细节理解题。由第三段第二句中的"the long slowdown in the West has reduced demand for labor，and it is easier to put off hiring young people than it is to fire older workers.西方经济的长期放缓降低了对劳动力的需求，推迟雇用年轻人比解雇年长工人更容易。"可知，经济发展迟缓导致企业更易采取推迟招聘新人而非辞去旧人的方法。A项是对此句的曲解。由第四段第三句可知，尽管西班牙和埃及的经济正持续增长，可失业率仍居高不下，故B项错误。由第五段第三句可知，由于南非强势的贸易联盟和较高的最低工资，他们的失业率很高，C项意思与之相反，故错误。由第六段前三句可知，英国即使拥有灵活的劳动力市场，失业率仍然偏高，故D项最符合作者的观点。故选D.
（3）C. 写作目的题。根据原文第六段"Germany， which has the second lowest level of youth unemployment in the rich world， owns long-history system of vocational schooling and apprenticeships （学徒制）.德国的青年失业率在发达国家中排名第二，拥有悠久的职业教育和学徒制度（学徒制）。"可知在第6段中，提交人提到了德国政府为展示这一点所作的努力政府需要参与降低青年失业率。故选C.
（4）B．主旨大意题。本文以全球青年失业率持续攀升为引，探讨了两种降低失业率的有效方法：解除对劳动力市场的管制和改革教育体制。故选B.
（2）D．细节理解题。由第三段第二句中的"the long slowdown in the West has reduced demand for labor，and it is easier to put off hiring young people than it is to fire older workers.西方经济的长期放缓降低了对劳动力的需求，推迟雇用年轻人比解雇年长工人更容易。"可知，经济发展迟缓导致企业更易采取推迟招聘新人而非辞去旧人的方法。A项是对此句的曲解。由第四段第三句可知，尽管西班牙和埃及的经济正持续增长，可失业率仍居高不下，故B项错误。由第五段第三句可知，由于南非强势的贸易联盟和较高的最低工资，他们的失业率很高，C项意思与之相反，故错误。由第六段前三句可知，英国即使拥有灵活的劳动力市场，失业率仍然偏高，故D项最符合作者的观点。故选D.
（3）C. 写作目的题。根据原文第六段"Germany， which has the second lowest level of youth unemployment in the rich world， owns long-history system of vocational schooling and apprenticeships （学徒制）.德国的青年失业率在发达国家中排名第二，拥有悠久的职业教育和学徒制度（学徒制）。"可知在第6段中，提交人提到了德国政府为展示这一点所作的努力政府需要参与降低青年失业率。故选C.
（4）B．主旨大意题。本文以全球青年失业率持续攀升为引，探讨了两种降低失业率的有效方法：解除对劳动力市场的管制和改革教育体制。故选B.