题目
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary． We know the risk of dementia （痴呆症） increase with age． But if you have memory slips， you probably needn't worry． There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss． After age 50， it's quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people， places and things quickly， says Dr． Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston． The brain ages just like the rest of the body． Certain parts shrink， especially areas in the brain that are important to learning， memory and planning． Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain． And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow． Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie， for example， is nothing to worry about． But if you forget the plot of the movie or don't remember even seeing it， that's far more concerning． Daffner says． When you forget entire experiences， he says， that's "a red flag that something more serious may be involved．" Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven， or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you've visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong． But even then， Daffner says， people shouldn't panic． There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss， including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep， high blood pressure， or depression， as well as medications （药物） like antidepressants． You don't have to figure this out on your own． Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications， health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory． And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain's cognitive （认知） reserve， Daffner says． "Read books， go to movies， take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways，" he says． In other words， keep your brain busy and working． And also get physically active， because exercise is a known brain booster（令人鼓舞的事情）．（1）Why does the author say that one needn't be concerned about memory slips？ ____ A．Not all of them are symptoms of dementia．B．They occur only among certain groups of people．C．Not all of them are related to one's age．D．They are quite common among fifty-year-olds．（2）What happens as we become aged according to the passage？ ____ A．Our interaction skills worsen．B．Some parts of our brain stop functioning．C．Communication within our brain weakens．D．Our whole brain starts shrinking．（3）Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously？ ____ A．Totally forgetting how to do one's daily routines．B．Inability to recall details of one's life experiences．C．Failure to remember the names of movies or actors．D．Occasionally confusing the addresses of one's friends．（4）What's Dr． Daffner's advice for fighting against memory loss？ ____ A．Having regular physical and mental checkups．B．Taking medicine that helps boost one's brain．C．Engaging in known memory repair activities．D．Staying active both physically and mentally．
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary． We know the risk of dementia （痴呆症） increase with age． But if you have memory slips， you probably needn't worry． There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss．
After age 50， it's quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people， places and things quickly， says Dr． Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston．
The brain ages just like the rest of the body． Certain parts shrink， especially areas in the brain that are important to learning， memory and planning． Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain． And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow．
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie， for example， is nothing to worry about． But if you forget the plot of the movie or don't remember even seeing it， that's far more concerning． Daffner says．
When you forget entire experiences， he says， that's "a red flag that something more serious may be involved．" Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven， or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you've visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong．
But even then， Daffner says， people shouldn't panic． There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss， including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep， high blood pressure， or depression， as well as medications （药物） like antidepressants．
You don't have to figure this out on your own． Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications， health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory． And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain's cognitive （认知） reserve， Daffner says．
"Read books， go to movies， take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways，" he says． In other words， keep your brain busy and working． And also get physically active， because exercise is a known brain booster（令人鼓舞的事情）．
（1）Why does the author say that one needn't be concerned about memory slips？ ____
A．Not all of them are symptoms of dementia．
B．They occur only among certain groups of people．
C．Not all of them are related to one's age．
D．They are quite common among fifty-year-olds．
（2）What happens as we become aged according to the passage？ ____
A．Our interaction skills worsen．
B．Some parts of our brain stop functioning．
C．Communication within our brain weakens．
D．Our whole brain starts shrinking．
（3）Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously？ ____
A．Totally forgetting how to do one's daily routines．
B．Inability to recall details of one's life experiences．
C．Failure to remember the names of movies or actors．
D．Occasionally confusing the addresses of one's friends．
（4）What's Dr． Daffner's advice for fighting against memory loss？ ____
A．Having regular physical and mental checkups．
B．Taking medicine that helps boost one's brain．
C．Engaging in known memory repair activities．
D．Staying active both physically and mentally．
After age 50， it's quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people， places and things quickly， says Dr． Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston．
The brain ages just like the rest of the body． Certain parts shrink， especially areas in the brain that are important to learning， memory and planning． Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain． And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow．
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie， for example， is nothing to worry about． But if you forget the plot of the movie or don't remember even seeing it， that's far more concerning． Daffner says．
When you forget entire experiences， he says， that's "a red flag that something more serious may be involved．" Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven， or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you've visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong．
But even then， Daffner says， people shouldn't panic． There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss， including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep， high blood pressure， or depression， as well as medications （药物） like antidepressants．
You don't have to figure this out on your own． Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications， health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory． And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain's cognitive （认知） reserve， Daffner says．
"Read books， go to movies， take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways，" he says． In other words， keep your brain busy and working． And also get physically active， because exercise is a known brain booster（令人鼓舞的事情）．
（1）Why does the author say that one needn't be concerned about memory slips？ ____
A．Not all of them are symptoms of dementia．
B．They occur only among certain groups of people．
C．Not all of them are related to one's age．
D．They are quite common among fifty-year-olds．
（2）What happens as we become aged according to the passage？ ____
A．Our interaction skills worsen．
B．Some parts of our brain stop functioning．
C．Communication within our brain weakens．
D．Our whole brain starts shrinking．
（3）Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously？ ____
A．Totally forgetting how to do one's daily routines．
B．Inability to recall details of one's life experiences．
C．Failure to remember the names of movies or actors．
D．Occasionally confusing the addresses of one's friends．
（4）What's Dr． Daffner's advice for fighting against memory loss？ ____
A．Having regular physical and mental checkups．
B．Taking medicine that helps boost one's brain．
C．Engaging in known memory repair activities．
D．Staying active both physically and mentally．
题目解答
答案
1．A．细节理解题．根据文章第四段 But if you forget the plot of the movie or don't remember even seeing it， that's far more concerning． Daffner says但如果你忘记了电影的情节，甚至连看过它都不记得，那就更令人担忧了．达夫纳说；可知作者说一个不必担心记忆丧失因为并非所有这些都是痴呆的症状；故选A．
2．C．细节理解题．根据文章第三段 Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain． And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow．脑细胞的变化会影响大脑不同区域之间的沟通．并且血液流动可以随着血管狭窄而减小．可知老化时大脑内的沟通会减弱；故选C．
3．A．细节理解题．根据文章第五段Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven， or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you've visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong忘记如何操作熟悉的东西，如微波炉，或忘记如何开车到你多次拜访过的朋友家，也可能是出了问题的迹象．可知人们对完全忘了如何做一天的日常工作的症状应该认真对待；故选A．
4．D．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段 In other words， keep your brain busy and working． And also get physically active， because exercise is a known brain booster可知黄水仙博士为防止记忆丧失而提出的建议是在身体和精神上保持活跃；故选D
2．C．细节理解题．根据文章第三段 Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain． And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow．脑细胞的变化会影响大脑不同区域之间的沟通．并且血液流动可以随着血管狭窄而减小．可知老化时大脑内的沟通会减弱；故选C．
3．A．细节理解题．根据文章第五段Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven， or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you've visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong忘记如何操作熟悉的东西，如微波炉，或忘记如何开车到你多次拜访过的朋友家，也可能是出了问题的迹象．可知人们对完全忘了如何做一天的日常工作的症状应该认真对待；故选A．
4．D．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段 In other words， keep your brain busy and working． And also get physically active， because exercise is a known brain booster可知黄水仙博士为防止记忆丧失而提出的建议是在身体和精神上保持活跃；故选D
解析
步骤 1：理解问题背景
文章讨论了随着年龄增长，记忆力减退的现象，以及如何区分正常的老化和痴呆症的迹象。文章还提到了一些可能导致记忆力减退的因素，以及如何预防和应对记忆力减退的方法。
步骤 2：分析问题
问题（1）询问为什么作者说记忆力减退不需要担心。问题（2）询问随着年龄增长，大脑会发生什么变化。问题（3）询问哪些记忆相关的症状应该引起人们的重视。问题（4）询问Daffner博士对如何对抗记忆力减退的建议。
步骤 3：回答问题
根据文章内容，可以得出以下答案：
（1）作者说记忆力减退不需要担心，是因为并非所有的记忆力减退都是痴呆症的症状。
（2）随着年龄增长，大脑的某些部分会萎缩，尤其是与学习、记忆和计划有关的区域。脑细胞的变化会影响大脑不同区域之间的沟通，血管变窄会导致血流减少。
（3）人们应该重视的与记忆相关的症状包括完全忘记如何做日常事务，无法回忆生活经历的细节，忘记如何操作熟悉的物品，或忘记如何开车到经常拜访的朋友家。
（4）Daffner博士建议对抗记忆力减退的方法是保持身体和精神的活跃，阅读书籍，看电影，参与新的爱好或活动，让大脑保持忙碌和工作。
文章讨论了随着年龄增长，记忆力减退的现象，以及如何区分正常的老化和痴呆症的迹象。文章还提到了一些可能导致记忆力减退的因素，以及如何预防和应对记忆力减退的方法。
步骤 2：分析问题
问题（1）询问为什么作者说记忆力减退不需要担心。问题（2）询问随着年龄增长，大脑会发生什么变化。问题（3）询问哪些记忆相关的症状应该引起人们的重视。问题（4）询问Daffner博士对如何对抗记忆力减退的建议。
步骤 3：回答问题
根据文章内容，可以得出以下答案：
（1）作者说记忆力减退不需要担心，是因为并非所有的记忆力减退都是痴呆症的症状。
（2）随着年龄增长，大脑的某些部分会萎缩，尤其是与学习、记忆和计划有关的区域。脑细胞的变化会影响大脑不同区域之间的沟通，血管变窄会导致血流减少。
（3）人们应该重视的与记忆相关的症状包括完全忘记如何做日常事务，无法回忆生活经历的细节，忘记如何操作熟悉的物品，或忘记如何开车到经常拜访的朋友家。
（4）Daffner博士建议对抗记忆力减退的方法是保持身体和精神的活跃，阅读书籍，看电影，参与新的爱好或活动，让大脑保持忙碌和工作。