Words in usecollaborate cognitive retainintuitive discern refrainextinction institutional robustconfine1. The research suggests that early education can boost ______ function, leading to better academic performance later on.2. Students often find it difficult to ______ complex concepts from a single lecture, so reviewing the material regularly can help improve retention.3. Students are learning about how human activities contribute to the ______ of various animal species and why it is crucial to take action to prevent further damage to ecosystems.4. In science, experiments are often ______ to controlled environments to eliminate variables and ensure accurate results.
Words in use collaborate cognitive retain intuitive discern refrain extinction institutional robust confine 1. The research suggests that early education can boost ______ function, leading to better academic performance later on. 2. Students often find it difficult to ______ complex concepts from a single lecture, so reviewing the material regularly can help improve retention. 3. Students are learning about how human activities contribute to the ______ of various animal species and why it is crucial to take action to prevent further damage to ecosystems. 4. In science, experiments are often ______ to controlled environments to eliminate variables and ensure accurate results.
题目解答
答案
我们来逐题分析并完成这道“Words in use”(词语运用)的题目。题目要求从给定的单词中选择合适的词填入句子空白处。给定的单词有:
- collaborate
- cognitive
- retain
- intuitive
- discern
- refrain
- extinction
- institutional
- robust
- confine
我们逐句分析:
1. The research suggests that early education can boost ____ function, leading to better academic performance later on.
中文解析:
这句话的意思是:“研究表明,早期教育可以提升______功能,从而在以后带来更好的学业表现。”
这里的“function”指的是某种心理或思维功能,而早期教育通常影响的是人的思维、记忆、理解等能力,这些属于“认知”功能。
在选项中,“cognitive”(认知的)正好修饰“function”,构成“cognitive function”(认知功能),这是一个常见搭配。
✅ 正确答案:cognitive
2. Students often find it difficult to ____ complex concepts from a single lecture, so reviewing the material regularly can help improve retention.
中文解析:
句意是:“学生常常发现,仅通过一次讲座很难______复杂的概念,因此定期复习材料有助于提高记忆保持。”
这里需要一个动词,表示“记住”或“理解并记住”复杂概念。
选项中,“retain”意为“保留,记住”,常用于“retain information/concepts”(记住信息/概念),完全符合语境。
✅ 正确答案:retain
3. Students are learning about how human activities contribute to the ____ of various animal species and why it is crucial to take action to prevent further damage to ecosystems.
中文解析:
句意是:“学生们正在学习人类活动如何导致各种动物物种的____,以及为何必须采取行动防止生态系统进一步受损。”
这里明显是在讨论生态和环境保护话题,空格处应填一个表示“灭绝”的名词。
“extinction”意为“灭绝”,常用于“the extinction of species”(物种灭绝),是固定搭配。
✅ 正确答案:extinction
4. In science, experiments are often ____ to controlled environments to eliminate variables and ensure accurate results.
中文解析:
句意是:“在科学中,实验常常被______在受控环境中,以消除变量并确保结果准确。”
这里需要一个动词的过去分词(因句子是被动语态),表示“限制于”或“局限于”。
“confine”意为“限制,局限于”,其过去分词是“confined”,“be confined to”是一个常见短语,意为“被限制在……范围内”。
例如:The study is confined to urban areas.(这项研究仅限于城市地区。)
✅ 正确答案:confined
最终答案:
- cognitive
- retain
- extinction
- confined
\boxed{
\begin{aligned}&1.\ \text{cognitive} \\&2.\ \text{retain} \\&3.\ \text{extinction} \\&4.\ \text{confined}\end{aligned}
}
解析
本题考查词汇在具体语境中的准确运用,需要根据上下文选择恰当的单词填空。解题核心在于:
- 理解句子整体含义,明确空格处所需词义;
- 分析词性匹配(如动词、名词等);
- 关注固定搭配或习惯用法(如“confine to”)。
第1题
关键点:空格修饰“function”,需表达“认知功能”。
分析:句子强调早期教育对思维能力的提升,“cognitive(认知的)”与“function”构成固定搭配“cognitive function”。
第2题
关键点:动词表示“记住复杂概念”。
分析:“retain”意为“保留、记住”,常用于“retain concepts”(记住概念),符合语境中“定期复习以提高记忆”的逻辑。
第3题
关键点:表示“物种数量减少直至消失”。
分析:“extinction(灭绝)”是生态学中描述物种消失的专用术语,搭配“of various animal species”构成常见表达。
第4题
关键点:被动语态中需用动词的过去分词形式。
分析:“confine”意为“限制”,其分词形式“confined”与“to controlled environments”构成短语“be confined to”(被限制在……中),符合科学实验的描述。