题目
S4: Both rewards and punishments are ____, because many people think they are not effective or necessary, especially when used often.
S4: Both rewards and punishments are ____, because many people think they are not effective or necessary, especially when used often.
题目解答
答案
根据句意，这里需要填入一个形容词，表示“有争议的”或“有争议性”。结合上下文，许多人都认为奖励和惩罚无效或不必要，尤其是频繁使用时，这表明这些方法存在争议。因此，应填入“controversial”。
完整句子为：
Both rewards and punishments are **controversial**, because many people think they are not effective or necessary, especially when used often.
答案：controversial
解析
本题考查形容词的选择，需要根据上下文逻辑关系确定空格处的正确词汇。关键点在于理解后半句中“many people think they are not effective or necessary”所表达的争议性态度，从而推断出空格处应填入表示“有争议的”形容词。
- 分析句子结构：
空格位于系动词“are”之后，需填入形容词作表语。 - 理解上下文逻辑：
后半句“because many people think they are not effective or necessary”解释了奖励和惩罚为何存在争议（争议的原因是人们认为它们无效或不必要）。 - 确定核心词义：
“controversial”意为“有争议的”，符合上下文逻辑，即奖励和惩罚本身存在较大争议。