Passage 2A little break can go a long way.A new Baylor University study, published in the Journal of Applied Psychology, has found that frequent shorter breaks throughout the workday can help employees recharge and reduce their work exhaustion."Unlike your cell phone, which popular wisdom tells us should be depleted (耗尽) to zero percent before you charge it fully to 100%, people instead need to charge more frequently throughout the day," said Baylor University professor and researcher Emily Hunter, PhD.Hunter and fellow Baylor University researcher Cindy Wu, PhD., surveyed 95 employees (aged 22-67) for their study, "Give Me a Better Break: Choosing Workday Break Activities to Maximize Resource Recovery." Their mission was to figure out how employees could take the "best types of breaks." The 95 employees documented each break they took during the course of a typical five-day workweek. These breaks included lunch and coffee breaks, checking personal emails and socializing with other workers. Bathroom breaks were not included in the survey. This added up to a collection of 959 surveys, with an average of two breaks a day per person.A mid-morning break was more beneficial to workers than an hour lunch break or mid-afternoon break because it boosted motivation, energy and concentration before the midday lull (间歇) sets in.Taking breaks that are satisfying, can also reduce the presence of headaches, eyestrain and lower back pain upon returning to work, according to the study.Not unsurprisingly, the researchers also found that "better breaks" consisted of employees engaging in the activities of their choice — even if it was work-related. "Finding something on your break that you prefer to do — something that is not given to you or assigned to you — are the kinds of activities that are going to make your breaks much more restful, provide better recovery and help you come back to work stronger," Hunter said.(1) (单选题)What is the main idea of the passage?A.Frequent short workday breaks can help employees restore strength.B.Mid-morning break is more beneficial to workers than other breaks.C.Work-related breaks are better than random breaks.D.People need to recharge many times during workdays.(2) (单选题)The term "go a long way" in Para. 1 can be best replaced by ________.A.go very farB.be very helpfulC.make you very successfulD.stand in your way(3) (单选题)What is the purpose of the survey made by Emily Hunter and Cindy Wu?A.To find out why frequent short breaks can help employees recharge.B.To find out the benefits of taking frequent short breaks.C.To find out how many breaks employees can take on average.D.To find out in what way employees take the breaks.(4) (单选题)Why is a mid-morning break more beneficial to workers than a mid-afternoon break?A.Because it helps people get concentrated when they get distracted.B.ecause it makes people feel energetic when they are tired.C.Because it makes people feel vigorous before the midday lull sets in.D.Because it boosts motivation before people get sleepy.(5) (单选题)According to the passage, how to make employees' breaks more effective?A.Take breaks with assigned or given works.B.Take more short breaks in the afternoon.C.Think work-related things during breaks.D.Take part in activities you like during breaks.A. doesn’t lookB. don’t lookC. not lookD. don’tlooking
题目解答
答案
解析
整体考察内容
本文是一篇说明文,围绕工作中短暂休息的益处展开,涉及研究发现、调查目的、不同休息时间的效果及有效休息方式等内容,题目主要考查对文章主旨、细节及词义的理解。
题目解析
1. 主旨大意题
文章首句点题“A little break can go a long way”,随后通过贝勒大学的研究详细说明“频繁的短期休息有助于员工恢复精力、减少工作倦怠”,并阐述了不同休息时间和活动的效果。
- A:频繁的短期工作日休息有助于员工恢复体力,符合全文核心;
- B:仅提到上午中段休息的好处,是细节非主旨;
- C:文中未比较工作相关休息与随机休息的优劣;
- D:“需要多次充电”是研究中的类比,非主旨。
答案:A
2. 词义猜测题
“go a long way”位于首句,结合下文研究结论“频繁短期休息有益”,可推断其意为“有很大帮助”。
- A:走很远(字面义,不符);
- B:非常有帮助(符合上下文);
- C:让你成功(过度引申);
- D:阻碍你(相反义)。
答案:B
3. 细节理解题
第三段明确指出研究目的:“Their mission was to figure out how employees could take the 'best types of breaks.'”(弄清楚员工如何进行“最佳类型的休息”)。
- A:研究未探讨“为什么”有益,而是“如何”选最佳休息;
- B:“益处”是研究结果,非目的;
- C:“平均休息次数”是调查数据,非目的;
- D:“以何种方式休息”符合“how to take breaks”。
答案:D
4. 细节理解题
第四段指出:“A mid-morning break was more beneficial... because it boosted motivation, energy and concentration before the midday lull sets in.”(上午中段休息更有益,因为它在午间间歇前提升动力、精力和专注力)。
- A:“分心时集中注意力”未提及;
- B:“疲倦时感到精力充沛”对应“energy”,但不全面;
- C:“在午间间歇前感到有活力”准确概括原因;
- D:“睡前提升动力”未提及“ sleepy”。
答案:C
5. 细节理解题
最后一段引用Hunter的话:“Finding something on your break that you prefer to do... are the kinds of activities that are going to make your breaks much more restful...”(休息时做自己喜欢的事更有效)。
- A:“指定工作”与“not given/assigned”相反;
- B:“下午多休息”未提及;
- C:“想工作相关的事”未建议;
- D:“参与喜欢的活动”符合文意。
答案:D