题目

Language is human speech, either written or spoken. All languages have a system of sounds, words, a system of word order, and grammar. Word order is more important in English than in some other languages. The sound system is very important in Chinese and in many African languages.Language is always changing. The earliest known languages had complicated grammar but a small, limited vocabulary. Over the centuries, the grammar changed, and the vocabulary grew. For example, the English and Spanish people who came to America during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries gave names to all the new plants and animals they found. In this way, hundreds of words were introduced into the English language.What do all languages in the world have?A Complicated vocabularies.B Single grammar.C Large vocabularies.D A system of sounds.

Language is human speech, either written or spoken. All languages have a system of sounds, words, a system of word order, and grammar. Word order is more important in English than in some other languages. The sound system is very important in Chinese and in many African languages. Language is always changing. The earliest known languages had complicated grammar but a small, limited vocabulary. Over the centuries, the grammar changed, and the vocabulary grew. For example, the English and Spanish people who came to America during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries gave names to all the new plants and animals they found. In this way, hundreds of words were introduced into the English language. What do all languages in the world have? A Complicated vocabularies. B Single grammar. C Large vocabularies. D A system of sounds.

题目解答

答案

我们来逐步分析这道题： --- ### 题目原文关键信息提炼： 1. **“All languages have a system of sounds, words, a system of word order, and grammar.”** 这句话明确指出：**所有语言都有声音系统、词汇、语序系统和语法。** 2. **“Word order is more important in English than in some other languages.”** 这句话说明：不同语言对语序的依赖程度不同，但并没有否定所有语言都有语序系统。 3. **“The sound system is very important in Chinese and in many African languages.”** 这句话强调了某些语言中声音系统的重要性，但同样没有否定所有语言都有声音系统。 4. **“The earliest known languages had complicated grammar but a small, limited vocabulary.”** 这句话说明：早期语言的语法复杂，但词汇量小，说明不是所有语言都有**大的词汇量**。 --- ### 选项分析： A. **Complicated vocabularies.** 错误。原文提到有些语言词汇量小，比如早期语言，所以不是所有语言都有复杂的词汇。 B. **Single grammar.** 错误。所有语言都有语法，但“single grammar”表示“单一的语法”，显然不对，因为每种语言的语法都不一样。 C. **Large vocabularies.** 错误。原文提到有些语言词汇量小，比如早期语言，所以不是所有语言都有大词汇量。 D. **A system of sounds.** 正确。原文明确指出所有语言都有声音系统（sound system）。 --- ### 最终答案： $$ \boxed{D} $$

解析

本题考查对文章细节信息的理解和提取能力。解题的关键在于准确把握文章中关于所有语言共同特征的描述，并将各选项与原文信息进行细致比对。

  1. 首先，从文章中找到关键语句“All languages have a system of sounds, words, a system of word order, and grammar.”，这表明所有语言都具备声音系统、词汇、语序系统和语法这几个要素。
  2. 接着分析选项A：“Complicated vocabularies”。文中提到“The earliest known languages had complicated grammar but a small, limited vocabulary.”，说明早期语言词汇量小，并非所有语言都有复杂的词汇，所以选项A错误。
  3. 再看选项B：“Single grammar”。虽然所有语言都有语法，但“single grammar”表示单一的语法，而每种语言的语法都有其独特性，并非单一的，所以选项B错误。
  4. 然后看选项C：“Large vocabularies”。同样依据文中提到的早期语言词汇量小这一信息，可知不是所有语言都有大的词汇量，所以选项C错误。
  5. 最后看选项D：“A system of sounds”。根据文章明确指出的所有语言都有声音系统，可知选项D正确。