题目
Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.Each word can be used only once. affluence collapse consumedepletion disposal habitat integritymonumental perish timely （1）During the restoration，there were many strict conservation guidelines to which we had to adhere in order to maintain the ____ of the building.（2）Research indicates that a nurse's ____ response to a call bell communicates respect and caring and hence contributes to patient satisfaction.（3）The air and rivers in this area are getting cleaner，and attempts to preserve animal species and their ____ have been mostly successful.（4）This project has ____ much of her time and energy that she needs a rest after finishing it.（5）Due to rising ____ and the availability of a wider range of choices，consumption is now based more on what one wants，rather than what one needs.（6）Improper ____ of plastics into the oceans endangers the marine species and subsequently human lives.（7）The movement of trains along the line was badly affected after the signaling system. ____ following a heavy rainstorm.（8）The ____ of natural resources is a global environmental issue that jeopardizes the livelihoods of billions of people on our planet.（9）Insects are important sources of food for other animals.Hundreds of species of birds would ____ if there were no insects to feed on.（10）Scientists in China have carried out advanced research on hydrology（水文学） and water resources of in land rivers，and have made ____ achievements in recent years.
Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.Each word can be used only once.
（1）During the restoration，there were many strict conservation guidelines to which we had to adhere in order to maintain the ____ of the building.
（2）Research indicates that a nurse's ____ response to a call bell communicates respect and caring and hence contributes to patient satisfaction.
（3）The air and rivers in this area are getting cleaner，and attempts to preserve animal species and their ____ have been mostly successful.
（4）This project has ____ much of her time and energy that she needs a rest after finishing it.
（5）Due to rising ____ and the availability of a wider range of choices，consumption is now based more on what one wants，rather than what one needs.
（6）Improper ____ of plastics into the oceans endangers the marine species and subsequently human lives.
（7）The movement of trains along the line was badly affected after the signaling system. ____ following a heavy rainstorm.
（8）The ____ of natural resources is a global environmental issue that jeopardizes the livelihoods of billions of people on our planet.
（9）Insects are important sources of food for other animals.Hundreds of species of birds would ____ if there were no insects to feed on.
（10）Scientists in China have carried out advanced research on hydrology（水文学） and water resources of in land rivers，and have made ____ achievements in recent years.
| affluence collapse consume depletion disposal habitat integrity monumental perish timely |
（2）Research indicates that a nurse's ____ response to a call bell communicates respect and caring and hence contributes to patient satisfaction.
（3）The air and rivers in this area are getting cleaner，and attempts to preserve animal species and their ____ have been mostly successful.
（4）This project has ____ much of her time and energy that she needs a rest after finishing it.
（5）Due to rising ____ and the availability of a wider range of choices，consumption is now based more on what one wants，rather than what one needs.
（6）Improper ____ of plastics into the oceans endangers the marine species and subsequently human lives.
（7）The movement of trains along the line was badly affected after the signaling system. ____ following a heavy rainstorm.
（8）The ____ of natural resources is a global environmental issue that jeopardizes the livelihoods of billions of people on our planet.
（9）Insects are important sources of food for other animals.Hundreds of species of birds would ____ if there were no insects to feed on.
（10）Scientists in China have carried out advanced research on hydrology（水文学） and water resources of in land rivers，and have made ____ achievements in recent years.
题目解答
答案
（1）考查名词。根据句意"在修复过程中，为了保持建筑的完整性，我们必须遵守许多严格的保护准则。"可知要填的词为"integrity完整性"，为不可数名词作宾语，故填integrity。
（2）考查形容词。根据句意"研究表明，护士对呼叫铃的及时反应传达了尊重和关怀，从而有助于提高患者的满意度。"可知要填的词为"timely及时的"，形容词作定语修饰名词，故填timely。
（3）考查名词。根据句意"该地区的空气和河流越来越干净，保护动物物种及其栖息地的努力大多取得了成功。"可知要填的词为"habitat栖息地"，为可数名词，前面有their，所以用名词复数，故填habitats。
（4）考查动词。根据句意"这个项目耗费了她大量的时间和精力，完成后她需要休息。"可知要填的词为"consume耗费"，和主语之间是主动关系，所以用过去分词和has构成现在完成时态，故填consumed。
（5）考查名词。根据句意"由于财富的增加和更广泛的选择，消费现在更多地基于一个人想要什么，而不是需要什么。"可知要填的词为"affluence富足"，为不可数名词作介词的宾语，故填affluence。
（6）考查名词。根据句意"向海洋中不当处理塑料会危及海洋物种，进而危及人类生命。"可知要填的词为"disposal处理"，为不可数名词作主语，故填disposal。
（7）考查名词。根据句意"信号系统故障后，沿线列车运行受到严重影响。暴雨后坍塌。"可知要填的词为"collapse坍塌"，为不可数名词，和后面的现在分词短语构成现在分词的独立主格结构，句首单词首字母大写，故填Collapse。
（8）考查名词。根据句意"自然资源的枯竭是一个全球性的环境问题，危及地球上数十亿人的生计。"可知要填的词为"depletion枯竭"，为不可数名词，作主语，故填depletion。
（9）考查动词。根据句意"昆虫是其他动物的重要食物来源。如果没有昆虫可食，数百种鸟类将灭亡。"可知要填的词为"perish死亡"，前面有would，所以用动词原形，故填perish。
（10）考查形容词。根据句意"近年来，我国科学家对陆地河流的水文和水资源进行了深入研究，取得了丰硕成果。"可知要填的词为"monumental重大的"，形容词作定语修饰名词，故填monumental。
（2）考查形容词。根据句意"研究表明，护士对呼叫铃的及时反应传达了尊重和关怀，从而有助于提高患者的满意度。"可知要填的词为"timely及时的"，形容词作定语修饰名词，故填timely。
（3）考查名词。根据句意"该地区的空气和河流越来越干净，保护动物物种及其栖息地的努力大多取得了成功。"可知要填的词为"habitat栖息地"，为可数名词，前面有their，所以用名词复数，故填habitats。
（4）考查动词。根据句意"这个项目耗费了她大量的时间和精力，完成后她需要休息。"可知要填的词为"consume耗费"，和主语之间是主动关系，所以用过去分词和has构成现在完成时态，故填consumed。
（5）考查名词。根据句意"由于财富的增加和更广泛的选择，消费现在更多地基于一个人想要什么，而不是需要什么。"可知要填的词为"affluence富足"，为不可数名词作介词的宾语，故填affluence。
（6）考查名词。根据句意"向海洋中不当处理塑料会危及海洋物种，进而危及人类生命。"可知要填的词为"disposal处理"，为不可数名词作主语，故填disposal。
（7）考查名词。根据句意"信号系统故障后，沿线列车运行受到严重影响。暴雨后坍塌。"可知要填的词为"collapse坍塌"，为不可数名词，和后面的现在分词短语构成现在分词的独立主格结构，句首单词首字母大写，故填Collapse。
（8）考查名词。根据句意"自然资源的枯竭是一个全球性的环境问题，危及地球上数十亿人的生计。"可知要填的词为"depletion枯竭"，为不可数名词，作主语，故填depletion。
（9）考查动词。根据句意"昆虫是其他动物的重要食物来源。如果没有昆虫可食，数百种鸟类将灭亡。"可知要填的词为"perish死亡"，前面有would，所以用动词原形，故填perish。
（10）考查形容词。根据句意"近年来，我国科学家对陆地河流的水文和水资源进行了深入研究，取得了丰硕成果。"可知要填的词为"monumental重大的"，形容词作定语修饰名词，故填monumental。
解析
本题考查词汇在语境中的准确运用，需根据句意选择恰当的单词并调整其形式。解题核心在于：
- 确定空格所需词性（名词、动词、形容词等）；
- 匹配单词含义与语境；
- 注意语法搭配（如名词单复数、动词时态等）。
（1）integrity
关键点：句中需填入名词作宾语，表示“建筑的完整性”，对应integrity（不可数名词）。
（2）timely
关键点：修饰名词response，需用形容词timely（及时的）。
（3）habitats
关键点：habitat（栖息地）为可数名词，前有their修饰，需用复数形式habitats。
（4）consumed
关键点：主语This project与动词consume（消耗）为主动关系，用现在完成时has consumed，简化为consumed。
（5）affluence
关键点：affluence（富足）为不可数名词，作rising的宾语。
（6）disposal
关键点：disposal（处理）为不可数名词，作主语，搭配improper构成短语。
（7）Collapse
关键点：句首首字母大写，collapse（坍塌）作主语，与现在分词构成独立主格结构。
（8）depletion
关键点：depletion（枯竭）为不可数名词，作主语，强调“资源枯竭”这一概念。
（9）perish
关键点：perish（灭亡）为动词原形，与would构成谓语。
（10）monumental
关键点：monumental（重大的）作形容词修饰achievements。