题目
The fact that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree answered the question he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens, the moon and the planets. (1999-Text5)【句子分析】The fact 在句中做的成分是 _______ ，其中 that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree 是 _______ 从句。主句的谓语动词是 _______ ，the question 在句中做的成分是 _______ ，he had been asking himself 是省略了引导词的 _______ 从句。
The fact that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree answered the question he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens, the moon and the planets. (1999-Text5)
【句子分析】The fact 在句中做的成分是 _______ ，其中 that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree 是 _______ 从句。主句的谓语动词是 _______ ，the question 在句中做的成分是 _______ ，he had been asking himself 是省略了引导词的 _______ 从句。
题目解答
答案
主语 "The fact" 后接同位语从句 "that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree"，解释 "The fact" 的具体内容。主句谓语为 "answered"，宾语是 "the question"，其后接定语从句 "he had been asking himself..."，省略了关系代词 "that" 或 "which"。完整结构为：
主语 (The fact + 同位语从句) + 谓语 (answered) + 宾语 (the question + 定语从句)。
答案：
- The fact 是主语。
- that the apple fell down... 是同位语从句。
- 主句谓语是 answered。
- the question 是宾语。
- he had been asking himself 是省略了引导词的定语从句。
解析
本题主要考查句子成分分析以及从句类型的判断。解题思路如下：
- 首先明确句子的基本结构，一般英语句子包含主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分。对于复杂句子，还会有各种从句。
- 分析 “The fact” 在句子中的作用，“The fact” 是整个句子所描述的核心对象，句子围绕这个 “事实” 展开，所以它在句中作主语。
- 接着看 “that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree” 这部分，它是对 “The fact” 具体内容的解释说明，在英语语法中，对名词进行解释说明的从句就是同位语从句，所以这部分是同位语从句。
- 然后找主句的谓语动词，谓语动词通常表示主语的动作或状态，在这个句子中 “answered” 表示 “The fact” 所产生的动作，即 “回答了”，所以 “answered” 是主句的谓语动词。
- 再看 “the question”，它是 “answered” 这个动作的承受对象，也就是动作的目标，在句子成分中，动作的承受对象是宾语，所以 “the question” 是宾语。
- 最后看 “he had been asking himself” 这部分，它是用来修饰 “the question” 的，说明是 “他一直在问自己的” 那个问题，在英语中，修饰名词的从句是定语从句，这里省略了引导词 “that” 或 “which”，所以它是省略了引导词的定语从句。