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英语
题目

24. Mary was ______ to see the ______.A. frightened; deathB. frightening; dyingC. frightened; deadD. frightening; dead

24. Mary was ______ to see the ______. A. frightened; death B. frightening; dying C. frightened; dead D. frightening; dead

题目解答

答案

我们来一步一步分析这道题目:

题目是:
Mary was ____ to see the ____.
选项:
A. frightened; death
B. frightening; dying
C. frightened; dead
D. frightening; dead

第一步:分析句子结构

句子主干是:
Mary was ____ to see the ____.

  • “Mary was ____” 是一个系表结构,空格处应填入一个形容词,描述 Mary 的状态。
  • “to see the ____” 是不定式短语,作原因状语,说明 Mary 为什么是那种状态。
  • 第二个空是“the + 名词”结构,因此需要一个名词。

所以:

  • 第一个空:形容词,描述 Mary 的感受。
  • 第二个空:名词,因为前面有定冠词 “the”。

第二步:分析选项中的词汇用法

我们来看每个词的含义和用法:

1. frightened vs. frightening

  • frightened:感到害怕的,用来描述人的情感状态。例如:I am frightened.(我感到害怕。)
  • frightening:令人害怕的,用来描述事物的性质,让人感到害怕。例如:The movie is frightening.(这部电影很吓人。)

Mary 是人,所以应该用 frightened 来描述她的感受。

因此,第一个空应该用 frightened,排除 B 和 D(它们用的是 frightening)。

2. death, dying, dead

  • death:名词,死亡(抽象名词)
  • dying:动名词或现在分词,可作名词,表示“垂死的过程”
  • dead:形容词,不能单独作名词使用

第二个空是 “the ____”,需要一个名词。

  • death 是名词 ✅
  • dying 可以作名词(如:the dying process)✅
  • dead 是形容词 ❌ 不能直接跟在 “the” 后面作名词(除非是 the dead = 死者,复数名词,但这里语境不明确)

但注意:the dead 在英语中可以作为一个固定表达,意思是“死者”,是名词性的。例如:The dead were buried. 所以 the dead 是可以成立的。

所以我们需要进一步判断语义。

第三步:结合语义判断

我们逐个分析选项:

A. frightened; death

→ Mary was frightened to see the death.
“Mary 看到死亡感到害怕。”
语法上,“the death” 可以理解为“某人的死亡”或“死亡这一事件”,但“see the death” 听起来不太自然,通常会说 “see someone’s death” 或 “witness a death”。单独 “the death” 指代不清,语义略显生硬。

B. frightening; dying

→ Mary was frightening to see the dying.
“Mary 看到垂死(状态)是令人害怕的。”
但 “frightening” 描述的是 Mary 本身令人害怕,这不符合逻辑。Mary 是看到某事而害怕,而不是她让人害怕。而且 “the dying” 虽然可以理解为“垂死的人或过程”,但整体主语描述错误。排除。

C. frightened; dead

→ Mary was frightened to see the dead.
“Mary 看到死者感到害怕。”

  • “frightened” 正确描述 Mary 的情绪。
  • “the dead” 是固定表达,指“死者”,是名词性短语,语法正确。
  • 语义通顺:看到死人,感到害怕,合情合理。

D. frightening; dead

→ Mary was frightening to see the dead.
“Mary 是令人害怕的,当她看到死者时。”
这表示 Mary 本身令人害怕,逻辑不通。她看到死者,应该是她害怕,而不是她让人害怕。排除。

第四步:最终判断

  • A:语法勉强可接受,但 “the death” 不如 “the dead” 自然。
  • C:语法正确,语义清晰自然。

而且,“see the dead” 是常见表达,比如在恐怖场景中,“She was frightened to see the dead.” 非常自然。

正确答案是:C. frightened; dead

✅ 答案:C
解题过程总结:

  1. 第一个空描述人的感受,应使用“frightened”(感到害怕的),而不是“frightening”(令人害怕的)。
  2. 第二个空需要名词,且“the dead”是固定表达,意为“死者”,语法和语义都正确。
  3. 综合判断,选项C最符合语法和语境。

\boxed{C}

解析

本题主要考查形容词“frightened”与“frightening”的用法区别,以及名词“death”、动名词“dying”和形容词“dead”在特定语境中的运用。解题思路如下:

  1. 首先分析句子结构,确定第一个空需要一个描述Mary感受的形容词,第二个空需要一个名词,因为前面有定冠词“the”。
  2. 接着区分“frightened”和“frightening”的用法,“frightened”用于描述人的感受,“frightening”用于描述事物的性质,所以第一个空应选“frightened”,从而排除选项B和D。
  3. 然后分析“death”、“dying”和“dead”的词性和用法,“death”是名词,“dying”可作名词表示“垂死的过程”,“dead”是形容词,不能单独作名词,但“the dead”是固定表达,意为“死者”,可作名词性短语。
  4. 最后结合语义判断,选项A中“see the death”语义略显生硬,而选项C“Mary was frightened to see the dead”,“frightened”正确描述了Mary的情绪,“the dead”语法和语义都正确,且“see the dead”是常见表达,语义通顺自然。

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