Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity． It may be walking， cycling or swimming， or in winter， skating or skiing． It may be a game of some kind， football， hockey， golf or tennis． It may be mountaineering． Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment． Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship， and to take risks on high mountains？ This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure． Mountaineering is a sport and not a game． There are no man-made rules， as there are for such games as golf and football． There are， of course， rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore， but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people． Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods． If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports， we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a "team game"． We should be mistaken in this． There are， it is true， no "matches" between teams of climbers， but when climbers are on a rockface linked by a rope on which their lives may depend， there is obviously team work． The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man． He has to fight the forces of nature， his sport requires high mental and physical qualities． A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year． A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty， and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties． But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps． They may take more time than younger men， but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of effort， and they certainly experience equal enjoyment．（1）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？______A． Differences between Golf and Mountaineering．B． Sports and Games．C． Mountaineering．D． Why are so many people crazy about mountaineering？（2）The mountaineering can also be called a team sport because______．A． mountain climbers usually compete in groupsB． mountaineers depend on each other while climbingC． mountaineering climbers are free to use their own rules to climbD． mountaineering is a sport not a game（3）The biggest difference between golf and mountaineering lies in______．A． team gameB． enjoymentC． ageD． rules（4）In the author's opinion， one of the most important reason why so many people enjoy mountaineering is that______．A． there are no man-made rules for mountaineersB． mountaineering is a sport and not a gameC． it is one of the most dangerous sportsD． mountaineering bring us more enjoyment than other sports.
Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment． Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship， and to take risks on high mountains？ This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure．
Mountaineering is a sport and not a game． There are no man-made rules， as there are for such games as golf and football． There are， of course， rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore， but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people． Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods．
If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports， we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a "team game"． We should be mistaken in this． There are， it is true， no "matches" between teams of climbers， but when climbers are on a rockface linked by a rope on which their lives may depend， there is obviously team work． The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man． He has to fight the forces of nature， his sport requires high mental and physical qualities．
A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year． A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty， and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties． But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps． They may take more time than younger men， but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of effort， and they certainly experience equal enjoyment．
（1）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？______
A． Differences between Golf and Mountaineering．
B． Sports and Games．
C． Mountaineering．
D． Why are so many people crazy about mountaineering？
（2）The mountaineering can also be called a team sport because______．
A． mountain climbers usually compete in groups
B． mountaineers depend on each other while climbing
C． mountaineering climbers are free to use their own rules to climb
D． mountaineering is a sport not a game
（3）The biggest difference between golf and mountaineering lies in______．
A． team game
B． enjoyment
C． age
D． rules
（4）In the author's opinion， one of the most important reason why so many people enjoy mountaineering is that______．
A． there are no man-made rules for mountaineers
B． mountaineering is a sport and not a game
C． it is one of the most dangerous sports
D． mountaineering bring us more enjoyment than other sports.
题目解答
答案
解析：
（1）C． 标题归纳题．根据第一段 It may be mountaineering．和最后一段A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year．可知文章主要讲述了登山者需要克服各种困难与危险，团队协作的登上顶峰，登顶的时候是无比高兴的，结合选项， Mountaineering是文章主题，故选C．
（2）B． 细节理解题．根据文章第四段内容There are，it is true，no"matches"between"teams"of climbers，but when climbers are on a rock face joined by a rope on which their lives may depend，there is clearly teamwork 当登山者们攀爬陡峭的岩石的时候，他们的把彼此的生命联系在一条可供攀爬的绳索上，这时需要大家互相配合，相互协作，这就是团队合作．故选B．
（3）D． 细节理解题． 根据文章第三段内容Mountaineering is a sport and not a game．There are no man-made rules，as for such games as golf and football 登山是一项运动而不是比赛，它不同于高尔夫球或者足球这种比赛，因为这些比赛都有人为的规矩的设定．由此可知，登山运动同比赛的区别在于规则的设定．故选D．
（4）A．细节理解题．根据第三段 There are no man-made rules， as there are for such games as golf and football． There are， of course， rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore， but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people．没有人为的规则，就像高尔夫和足球一样，当然也有不同种类的规则，忽视这些规则是危险的，但正是这种不受人为规则影响的自由，使登山运动对许多人具有吸引力．可知在作者看来，很多人喜欢登山的一个重要原因是没有人为的登山规则．故选A．
解析
考查要点：本题主要考查学生对文章主旨、细节理解及逻辑关系的把握能力。需结合上下文理解作者观点，分析选项间的细微差别。
解题核心思路：
- 标题归纳题需通篇把握文章核心主题，关注首尾段及高频词。
- 细节理解题需定位原文对应段落，注意关键词（如“teamwork”“rules”）。
- 对比分析题需明确对比对象的异同点，抓住本质区别（如“man-made rules”）。
- 观点推断题需结合作者表述，提炼隐含原因（如“自由”对吸引力的作用）。
第（1）题
关键点：文章首段引出“mountaineering”，后文围绕其特点（非游戏、团队协作、无固定年龄限制）展开，末段强调登山者技能的持续提升。高频词“mountaineering”贯穿全文，直接对应选项C。
第（2）题
关键点：第四段明确指出，登山虽无“比赛”，但 climbers 通过绳索相连，生命互相依赖，形成团队合作。核心词“depend on each other”对应选项B。
第（3）题
关键点：第三段对比 mountaineering（运动，无规则）与 golf（游戏，有规则），本质区别在于“man-made rules”。对比核心为“rules”，对应选项D。
第（4）题
关键点：第三段强调“自由”（freedom from man-made rules）是登山吸引人的关键原因。作者观点直接对应选项A。