题目
Smart，Social Animals Recently，researchers have found that dolphins know their own names much like people.Dolphins talk to one another with whistles （口哨） and calls.Scientists have known that the animals also use unusual whistles to name each other.They had thought that dolphins only heard each other's voices.However，the scientists didn't know that dolphins listen for their names too. To test this idea，the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls.The scientists then copied each dolphin's voice.When the changed recordings were played，the dolphins replied strongly to the names of their relatives and close group members.They paid no attention to the names of dolphins they did not know. Dolphins live in large groups that grow and change.Each dolphin's unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member，or call for help.Understanding their calls requires learning.It's a skill that's seen in very few animals，which include humans，elephants and bats. Elephants，for example，communicate with sounds.Their sounds can be heard by other elephants miles away.Dolphins，too，communicate with each other by making sounds like this. Elephants also communicate by moving their head，feet and trunk.In much the same way，dolphins communicate through their movements.They often touch each other to express friendship. Unlike dolphins，elephants also communicate through their great sense of smell.They can recognize other elephants through the smells they have. Why do dolphins and elephants share the gift of communication？Scientists think it may be because they are social and smart animals.Both have strong family relationship.Now，whether they also have nicknames is another question!（1）What have researchers found about dolphins recently？ ____ A.Dolphins know their own names.B.Dolphins only hear each other's voices.C.Dolphins talk to one another not much like people.D.olphins know other animals' names.（2）Just before the researchers recorded dolphins' name calls，they ____ .A.copied dolphins' voiceB.caught 14 dolphinsC.trained the dolphins to whistleD.caught 4 dolphins（3）When a dolphin gets into trouble，what will it do？ ____ A.It will call for help.B.It will turn its head.C.It will touch another dolphin.D.It will look for its mother.（4）What are the differences between dolphins and elephants in communication？ ____ A.Elephants can communicate by smell.B.Elephants can communicate by sound.C.Dolphins can communicate by movement.D.Elephants can communicate by taste.（5）What does the underlined word "recognize" mean in Chinese？ ____ A.驱逐B.认出C.触碰D.逃离
Smart，Social Animals Recently，researchers have found that dolphins know their own names much like people.Dolphins talk to one another with whistles （口哨） and calls.Scientists have known that the animals also use unusual whistles to name each other.They had thought that dolphins only heard each other's voices.However，the scientists didn't know that dolphins listen for their names too.
To test this idea，the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls.The scientists then copied each dolphin's voice.When the changed recordings were played，the dolphins replied strongly to the names of their relatives and close group members.They paid no attention to the names of dolphins they did not know.
Dolphins live in large groups that grow and change.Each dolphin's unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member，or call for help.Understanding their calls requires learning.It's a skill that's seen in very few animals，which include humans，elephants and bats.
Elephants，for example，communicate with sounds.Their sounds can be heard by other elephants miles away.Dolphins，too，communicate with each other by making sounds like this.
Elephants also communicate by moving their head，feet and trunk.In much the same way，dolphins communicate through their movements.They often touch each other to express friendship.
Unlike dolphins，elephants also communicate through their great sense of smell.They can recognize other elephants through the smells they have.
Why do dolphins and elephants share the gift of communication？Scientists think it may be because they are social and smart animals.Both have strong family relationship.Now，whether they also have nicknames is another question!
（1）What have researchers found about dolphins recently？ ____
A.Dolphins know their own names.
B.Dolphins only hear each other's voices.
C.Dolphins talk to one another not much like people.
D.olphins know other animals' names.
（2）Just before the researchers recorded dolphins' name calls，they ____ .
A.copied dolphins' voice
B.caught 14 dolphins
C.trained the dolphins to whistle
D.caught 4 dolphins
（3）When a dolphin gets into trouble，what will it do？ ____
A.It will call for help.
B.It will turn its head.
C.It will touch another dolphin.
D.It will look for its mother.
（4）What are the differences between dolphins and elephants in communication？ ____
A.Elephants can communicate by smell.
B.Elephants can communicate by sound.
C.Dolphins can communicate by movement.
D.Elephants can communicate by taste.
（5）What does the underlined word "recognize" mean in Chinese？ ____
A.驱逐
B.认出
C.触碰
D.逃离
To test this idea，the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls.The scientists then copied each dolphin's voice.When the changed recordings were played，the dolphins replied strongly to the names of their relatives and close group members.They paid no attention to the names of dolphins they did not know.
Dolphins live in large groups that grow and change.Each dolphin's unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member，or call for help.Understanding their calls requires learning.It's a skill that's seen in very few animals，which include humans，elephants and bats.
Elephants，for example，communicate with sounds.Their sounds can be heard by other elephants miles away.Dolphins，too，communicate with each other by making sounds like this.
Elephants also communicate by moving their head，feet and trunk.In much the same way，dolphins communicate through their movements.They often touch each other to express friendship.
Unlike dolphins，elephants also communicate through their great sense of smell.They can recognize other elephants through the smells they have.
Why do dolphins and elephants share the gift of communication？Scientists think it may be because they are social and smart animals.Both have strong family relationship.Now，whether they also have nicknames is another question!
（1）What have researchers found about dolphins recently？ ____
A.Dolphins know their own names.
B.Dolphins only hear each other's voices.
C.Dolphins talk to one another not much like people.
D.olphins know other animals' names.
（2）Just before the researchers recorded dolphins' name calls，they ____ .
A.copied dolphins' voice
B.caught 14 dolphins
C.trained the dolphins to whistle
D.caught 4 dolphins
（3）When a dolphin gets into trouble，what will it do？ ____
A.It will call for help.
B.It will turn its head.
C.It will touch another dolphin.
D.It will look for its mother.
（4）What are the differences between dolphins and elephants in communication？ ____
A.Elephants can communicate by smell.
B.Elephants can communicate by sound.
C.Dolphins can communicate by movement.
D.Elephants can communicate by taste.
（5）What does the underlined word "recognize" mean in Chinese？ ____
A.驱逐
B.认出
C.触碰
D.逃离
题目解答
答案
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段首句"Recently，researchers have found that dolphins know their own names much like people."（最近，研究人员发现海豚像人一样知道自己的名字。）可知，研究人员发现海豚能够知道它们自己的名字。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段首句"To test this idea，the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls."（为了验证这个想法，研究人员捕获了14只海豚，并记录了它们的叫声。）可知，研究人员首先捉住了14 头海豚。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段第二句"Each dolphin's unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member，or call for help."（每只海豚不同寻常的哨声都能帮助它们迅速找到朋友或家人，或者寻求帮助。）可知，当海豚遇到危险时，它们会呼救。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据第六段"Unlike dolphins，elephants also communicate through their great sense of smell.They can recognize other elephants through the smells they have.（"与海豚不同，大象也通过其敏锐的嗅觉进行交流。它们可以通过气味认出其他大象。）可知，大象与海豚不同，大象还可以通过嗅觉来进行交流。故选A。
（5）词义猜测题。根据第六段"Unlike dolphins，elephants also communicate through their great sense of smell.They can recognize other elephants through the smells they have.（"与海豚不同，大象也通过其敏锐的嗅觉进行交流。它们可以通过气味认出其他大象。）本句指"它们能够通过它们具有的气味来辨别出其他大象"。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段首句"To test this idea，the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls."（为了验证这个想法，研究人员捕获了14只海豚，并记录了它们的叫声。）可知，研究人员首先捉住了14 头海豚。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段第二句"Each dolphin's unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member，or call for help."（每只海豚不同寻常的哨声都能帮助它们迅速找到朋友或家人，或者寻求帮助。）可知，当海豚遇到危险时，它们会呼救。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据第六段"Unlike dolphins，elephants also communicate through their great sense of smell.They can recognize other elephants through the smells they have.（"与海豚不同，大象也通过其敏锐的嗅觉进行交流。它们可以通过气味认出其他大象。）可知，大象与海豚不同，大象还可以通过嗅觉来进行交流。故选A。
（5）词义猜测题。根据第六段"Unlike dolphins，elephants also communicate through their great sense of smell.They can recognize other elephants through the smells they have.（"与海豚不同，大象也通过其敏锐的嗅觉进行交流。它们可以通过气味认出其他大象。）本句指"它们能够通过它们具有的气味来辨别出其他大象"。故选B。
解析
考查要点：本题主要考查学生对文章细节的理解、推理判断能力以及词义猜测能力。
解题思路：
- 细节理解题：需直接从文中找到对应句子，注意时间、动作、对象等关键词。
- 推理判断题：需结合上下文，通过隐含信息推断结论。
- 词义猜测题：需根据上下文语境推断单词含义。
破题关键：抓住文章中“dolphins know their own names”“recorded their name calls”“call for help”“sense of smell”等核心信息。
第（1）题
关键句：首段首句“Researchers have found that dolphins know their own names much like people.”
解析：题目问“研究人员最近发现了什么”，直接对应首句，A选项“Dolphins know their own names”正确。
第（2）题
关键句：第二段首句“To test this idea，the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls.”
解析：问题问“实验前研究人员做了什么”，文中明确提到“捉了14头海豚并记录叫声”，B选项“caught 14 dolphins”正确。
第（3）题
关键句：第三段“Each dolphin's unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member，or call for help.”
解析：问题问“海豚遇险时会做什么”，文中提到“通过叫声寻求帮助”，A选项“call for help”正确。
第（4）题
关键句：第六段“Unlike dolphins，elephants also communicate through their great sense of smell.”
解析：问题问“海豚和大象在交流上的区别”，文中指出大象能通过嗅觉交流，A选项“Elephants can communicate by smell”正确。
第（5）题
关键句：第六段“They can recognize other elephants through the smells they have.”
解析：结合上下文，“通过气味认出其他大象”，“recognize”意为“认出”，对应B选项。