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英语
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1. At university, you can meet new people and form ______ (life, long) friendships.2. The ______ (long, last) war, filled with blood and death, ended in great tragedy.3. His apology seemed sincere at first, but it turned out to be merely ______ (skin, deep).4. Last night I read a ______ (heart, break) report about starving children in a war-torn region.5. It is important that students study in a ______ (smoke, free) environment.6. Before going to university, she used to be a ______ (record, break) swimmer.

1. At university, you can meet new people and form ______ (life, long) friendships. 2. The ______ (long, last) war, filled with blood and death, ended in great tragedy. 3. His apology seemed sincere at first, but it turned out to be merely ______ (skin, deep). 4. Last night I read a ______ (heart, break) report about starving children in a war-torn region. 5. It is important that students study in a ______ (smoke, free) environment. 6. Before going to university, she used to be a ______ (record, break) swimmer.

题目解答

答案

我们来逐题分析并完成这些题目。这些题目考察的是英语中复合形容词(compound adjectives)的正确构成和使用。复合形容词通常由两个或多个词组合而成,中间用连字符连接,用来修饰名词。我们根据语义和固定搭配来判断正确的词语组合。

1. At university, you can meet new people and form ____ (life, long) friendships.

  • 选项是 life 和 long,我们要组成一个复合形容词来修饰 "friendships"(友谊)。
  • 正确的表达是 long-lasting 或 lifelong。
  • 这里 "lifelong" 意为“终生的”,"lifelong friendships" 是固定搭配,表示“一生的友谊”。
  • 虽然 "long" 也可以表示“长久”,但“long-life”不是常见搭配,而“long-life”通常用于物品(如 long-life milk),不用于描述人际关系。
  • 所以应选择 lifelong。

✅ 正确答案:lifelong

句子:在大学里,你可以结识新朋友,建立终生的友谊。

2. The ____ (long, last) war, filled with blood and death, ended in great tragedy.

  • 这里要修饰 "war"(战争),选项是 long 和 last。
  • "long war" 表示“漫长的战争”,强调持续时间长。
  • "last war" 表示“最后的战争”,强调顺序上的最后。
  • 根据后半句“充满血腥与死亡,以巨大悲剧结束”,强调的是战争的持续时间长、惨烈,而不是它是不是“最后一场战争”。
  • 所以这里更合适的是 long。
  • 但注意:不能直接说 "long war" 就一定比 "last war" 好,要结合语境。
  • 不过,“the long war” 是一个常见表达,比如“the long war against terrorism”。
  • 而“the last war”通常指历史上最近的一次战争(如“the last war”=二战),但这里没有上下文说明是哪一场。
  • 再结合“filled with blood and death”,更强调过程的漫长与残酷,因此用 long 更贴切。

✅ 正确答案:long

句子:这场漫长的战争,充满了血腥与死亡,最终以巨大的悲剧收场。

3. His apology seemed sincere at first, but it turned out to be merely ____ (skin, deep).

  • 这是一个固定习语:skin deep → skin-deep
  • “skin-deep” 是一个复合形容词,意思是“肤浅的,表面的”,常用于表达“only on the surface”。
  • 常见表达是:beauty is only skin-deep(美貌只是表面)。
  • 所以这里“他的道歉起初看起来真诚,但结果只是表面的”,用 skin-deep。
  • 注意:不能说 “deep-skin” 或 “deep skin”,语法和习惯都不对。

✅ 正确答案:skin-deep

句子:他的道歉起初看起来很真诚,但结果只是表面的。

4. Last night I read a ____ (heart, break) report about starving children in a war-torn region.

  • 要修饰名词 "report",所以需要一个复合形容词。
  • 选项是 heart 和 break,应组合成 heart-breaking。
  • “heart-breaking” 意为“令人心碎的”,是固定表达。
  • 注意拼写:是 heart-breaking(带连字符),因为它是复合形容词放在名词前。
  • “heart break” 是名词短语,比如 “a heart break”,但不能直接修饰名词。
  • 所以这里用 heart-breaking。

✅ 正确答案:heart-breaking

句子:昨晚我读了一篇关于战乱地区饥饿儿童的令人心碎的报道。

5. It is important that students study in a ____ (smoke, free) environment.

  • 要表达“无烟环境”,正确表达是 smoke-free。
  • “smoke-free environment” 是固定搭配,表示“禁止吸烟的环境”或“无烟环境”。
  • 不能说 “free smoke”,那是“免费香烟”的意思,完全相反。
  • 所以必须用 smoke-free。

✅ 正确答案:smoke-free

句子:学生在无烟环境中学习是很重要的。

6. Before going to university, she used to be a ____ (record, break) swimmer.

  • 要修饰 "swimmer"(游泳运动员),表示她是一个怎样的游泳运动员。
  • “record-break” 应组成 record-breaking。
  • “record-breaking” 是复合形容词,意思是“打破纪录的”。
  • 例如:a record-breaking performance(打破纪录的表现)。
  • 所以“a record-breaking swimmer” 表示“一位打破纪录的游泳运动员”。
  • 注意:不能说 “breaking-record”,语序错误。

✅ 正确答案:record-breaking

句子:上大学之前,她曾是一位打破纪录的游泳运动员。

✅ 最终答案:

  1. lifelong
  2. long
  3. skin-deep
  4. heart-breaking
  5. smoke-free
  6. record-breaking

完整句子答案:

  1. At university, you can meet new people and form lifelong friendships.
  2. The long war, filled with blood and death, ended in great tragedy.
  3. His apology seemed sincere at first, but it turned out to be merely skin-deep.
  4. Last night I read a heart-breaking report about starving children in a war-torn region.
  5. It is important that students study in a smoke-free environment.
  6. Before going to university, she used to be a record-breaking swimmer.

\boxed{
\begin{aligned}&1.\ \text{lifelong} \\&2.\ \text{long} \\&3.\ \text{skin-deep} \\&4.\ \text{heart-breaking} \\&5.\ \text{smoke-free} \\&6.\ \text{record-breaking}\end{aligned}
}

解析

本题考查复合形容词(compound adjectives)的正确构成和使用。复合形容词通常由两个或多个词组合而成,中间用连字符连接,用于修饰名词。解题关键在于:

  1. 识别固定搭配:如 lifelong、smoke-free 等是常见表达;
  2. 语境匹配:根据句意选择最贴切的词组(如 long 强调时间长度,last 强调顺序);
  3. 逻辑合理性:排除不符合语义的选项(如 long-life 通常用于物品而非人际关系)。

第1题

选项分析:life 和 long 组合为 lifelong,意为“终生的”,是固定搭配。long 单独使用时强调“长久”,但 long-life 不常用于描述人际关系。

第2题

语境判断:句中强调战争的“漫长与残酷”,而非“最后的战争”,故选 long(漫长的)而非 last(最后的)。

第3题

固定习语:skin-deep 是固定表达,意为“肤浅的”,直接对应“表面的道歉”。

第4题

情感色彩:heart-breaking(令人心碎的)符合“饥饿儿童”这一悲剧性内容,break 需与 heart 组合为 heart-breaking。

第5题

常见搭配:smoke-free 是固定表达,意为“无烟的”,直接对应“禁止吸烟的环境”。

第6题

逻辑匹配:record-breaking(打破纪录的)修饰游泳运动员,强调成就,break 需与 record 组合。

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