* 本题备选项需点击原文空格处获取，在列表上点选即可。 Steel is valued for its reliability, but not when it gets cold. Most forms of steel (26)_____ become brittle (脆的) at temperatures below about -25°C unless they are mixed with other metals. Now, though, a novel type of steel has been developed that resists (27)_____ at much lower temperatures, while retaining its strength and toughness—without the need for expensive (28)_____. Steel’s fragility at low temperatures first became a major concern during the Second World War. After German U-boats torpedoed (用鱼雷攻击) numerous British ships, a 2700-strong fleet of cheap-and-cheerful “Liberty ships” was introduced to replace the lost vessels, providing a lifeline for the (29)_____ British. But the steel shells of hundreds of the ships (30)_____ in the icy north Atlantic, and 12 broke in half and sank. Brittleness remains a problem when building steel structures in cold conditions, such as oil rigs in the Arctic. So scientists have (31)_____ to find a solution by mixing it with expensive metals such as nickel. Yuuji Kimura and colleagues in Japan tried a more physical (32)_____. Rather than adding other metals, they developed a complex mechanical process involving repeated heating and very severe mechanical deformation, known as tempforming. The resulting steel appears to achieve a combination of strength and toughness that is (33)_____ to that of modern steels that are very rich in alloy content and, therefore, very expensive. Kimura’s team intends to use its tempformed steel to make ultra-high strength parts, such as bolts. They hope to reduce both the number of (34)_____ needed in a construction job and their weight—by replacing solid supports with (35)_____ tubes, for example. This could reduce the amount of steel needed to make everything from automobiles to buildings and bridges.
* 本题备选项需点击原文空格处获取，在列表上点选即可。 Steel is valued for its reliability, but not when it gets cold. Most forms of steel (26)_____ become brittle (脆的) at temperatures below about -25°C unless they are mixed with other metals. Now, though, a novel type of steel has been developed that resists (27)_____ at much lower temperatures, while retaining its strength and toughness—without the need for expensive (28)_____. Steel’s fragility at low temperatures first became a major concern during the Second World War. After German U-boats torpedoed (用鱼雷攻击) numerous British ships, a 2700-strong fleet of cheap-and-cheerful “Liberty ships” was introduced to replace the lost vessels, providing a lifeline for the (29)_____ British. But the steel shells of hundreds of the ships (30)_____ in the icy north Atlantic, and 12 broke in half and sank. Brittleness remains a problem when building steel structures in cold conditions, such as oil rigs in the Arctic. So scientists have (31)_____ to find a solution by mixing it with expensive metals such as nickel. Yuuji Kimura and colleagues in Japan tried a more physical (32)_____. Rather than adding other metals, they developed a complex mechanical process involving repeated heating and very severe mechanical deformation, known as tempforming. The resulting steel appears to achieve a combination of strength and toughness that is (33)_____ to that of modern steels that are very rich in alloy content and, therefore, very expensive. Kimura’s team intends to use its tempformed steel to make ultra-high strength parts, such as bolts. They hope to reduce both the number of (34)_____ needed in a construction job and their weight—by replacing solid supports with (35)_____ tubes, for example. This could reduce the amount of steel needed to make everything from automobiles to buildings and bridges.
题目解答
答案
abruptly╎fractures╎additives╎besieged╎cracked╎strived╎approach╎comparable╎components╎hollow
解析
问题涉及在低温下钢铁的脆性问题，以及一种新型钢铁的开发，这种钢铁在更低的温度下具有抗脆性，同时保持其强度和韧性，而无需昂贵的添加剂。
步骤 2：分析问题中的关键信息
- 钢铁在低于约-25°C时会变得脆性，除非与其它金属混合。
- 新型钢铁在更低温度下具有抗脆性，同时保持强度和韧性，无需昂贵的添加剂。
- 钢铁在低温下的脆性问题在二战期间成为主要问题。
- 科学家通过混合昂贵的金属如镍来解决脆性问题。
- 日本的Yuuji Kimura及其同事尝试了一种更物理的方法，通过复杂的机械过程，包括反复加热和严重的机械变形，称为tempforming。
- 这种新型钢铁似乎达到了与现代合金含量丰富的钢铁相当的强度和韧性，但成本更低。
- Kimura的团队打算使用这种tempformed钢铁来制造超高强度部件，如螺栓，以减少建筑项目中所需的部件数量和重量。
步骤 3：选择合适的选项
根据问题的背景和关键信息，选择合适的选项来填空。