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英语
题目

Which of the following accounts normally have a credit balance? (Select all that apply)A. LiabilitiesB. ExpensesC. Owners' EquityD. Revenue

Which of the following accounts normally have a credit balance? (Select all that apply)

A. Liabilities

B. Expenses

C. Owners' Equity

D. Revenue

题目解答

答案

ACD
A. Liabilities
C. Owners' Equity
D. Revenue

解析

本题考查的是会计账户的正常余额方向这一知识点。解题思路是需要了解不同类型账户的性质,根据会计的基本原理来判断其正常余额是在借方还是贷方。

在会计中,遵循“有借必有贷,借贷必相等”的记账规则,不同类型的账户有其特定的余额方向:

  1. 负债类账户(Liabilities):负债是企业所承担的债务,代表了企业对外部的义务。当企业增加负债时,通常是在贷方记录;减少负债时,在借方记录。所以负债类账户的正常余额在贷方。例如,企业向银行借款,会计分录为:
    • 借:银行存款
    • 贷:短期借款(或长期借款)
      这里短期借款或长期借款属于负债类账户,增加记贷方,所以其正常余额在贷方。
  2. 费用类账户(Expenses):费用是企业在日常经营活动中发生的成本。当企业发生费用时,在借方记录;费用减少或结转时,在贷方记录。所以费用类账户的正常余额在借方。例如,企业支付办公费用,会计分录为:
    • 借:管理费用
    • 贷:银行存款
      管理费用属于费用类账户,增加记借方,所以其正常余额在借方。
  3. 所有者权益类账户(Owners' Equity):所有者权益是企业资产扣除负债后由所有者享有的剩余权益。所有者投入资本、企业实现盈利等会使所有者权益增加,通常在贷方记录;所有者提取利润等会使所有者权益减少,在借方记录。所以所有者权益类账户的正常余额在贷方。例如,所有者投入现金,会计分录为:
    • 借:银行存款
    • 贷:实收资本
      实收资本属于所有者权益类账户,增加记贷方,所以其正常余额在贷方。
  4. 收入类账户(Revenue):收入是企业在日常经营活动中形成的、会导致所有者权益增加的、与所有者投入资本无关的经济利益的总流入。当企业实现收入时,在贷方记录;收入减少或结转时,在借方记录。所以收入类账户的正常余额在贷方。例如,企业销售商品实现收入,会计分录为:
    • 借:应收账款(或银行存款)
    • 贷:主营业务收入
      主营业务收入属于收入类账户,增加记贷方,所以其正常余额在贷方。

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