Beijing Opera Beijing Opera，China's national opera，originated in the late 18th century and is a mixture of music，dance，art and acrobatics.It is the most influential and representative of all operas in China. Based upon traditional Anhui Opera，it has adopted its repertoire，music and performing techniques from Kun Opera （a local opera from Jiangsu Province） and Qinqiang Opera （from Shaanxi Province） as well as traditional folk tunes in its development，eventually forming its own highly stylised music and performing techniques. Beijing Opera can be divided into "civil" pieces，which are characterised by singing，and "martial" ones，which feature acrobatics and stunts.Some operas are combinations of both. Its repertoire includes historical plays，comedies，tragedies and farces.Many historical events are adapted for Beijing Opera plays，which in the past were an important primer on history and ethical principles for poorly-educated people. There are four roles in general：the male，the female，the"painted face"，and the clown，which are further classified by age and profession.Sheng （male roles） can be divided into three categories：the old，the young and the martial arts expert.Dan（female roles） includes qingyi（a quiet and gentle lady），huadan （a lively woman），wudan（a woman with martial arts skills），daomadan（a woman skilled in fighting with weapons or on a horse） and laodan（an old woman）.Jing（painted face roles） is always played by men with brightly coloured faces.Chou（clown roles） is marked by a dab of white on the ridge of the nose.This character is sometimes positive，kind-hearted and humourous，but sometimes negative，cunning or silly.Each role has its fixed singing and acting styles. Like the acting and singing，the make-up is stylised，inspired by the masks worn by dancers in Tang，Song and Yuan Dynasty operas.The make-up highlights and exaggerates the principal features of the characters. For the painted face role，the colour of their made-up faces can be an indication of their characters or personalities.Red indicates uprightness and loyalty，white craftiness and cunning.Blue indicates a vigorous，courageous and enterprising nature while yellow means an intelligent character，but a less extroverted one.Black shows a sound and honest character while green is often the symbol of a brave and irritable one. The costumes are based on those of the Ming Dynasty，no matter when the story is set.The props can include a cloth wall，tents，whips，paddles and weapons.The props are realistic，but not so elaborate that they detract from the performance.Exaggeration and symbolism are characteristics of the opera.Holding a whip is enough to indicate that an actor is galloping on a horse.A few soldiers on the stage may represent a whole army.An actor's circling the stage suggests a long journey. Often there is just a table and a few chairs on the stage.The description of many situations depends on the performance of the actors and actresses.Opening a door，walking at night，rowing a boat，eating，drinking and the like are all demonstrated by the stylised movements of the actors and actresses.Performers also use their eyes and facial expressions to help convey the specific meaning. In the past 200 years，numerous schools and celebrated performers have emerged.As a result of the hard work of hundreds of artists over the past two centuries，Beijing Opera has become a refined art form and now represents an important part of Chinese culture.Read the passage and complete the following ch art with the information you have gained.Beijing Opera Origin Beijing Opera originated in（1） ____ and is a mixture of（2） ____ .Based on（3） ____ Opera，it has adopted its repertoire，（4） ____ and（5） ____ from（6） ____ Opera and （7） ____ Opera as well as traditional folk tunes. Role There are four roles in Beijing Opera：（8） ____ ，（9） ____ ，（10） ____ .Each role has its （11） ____ ，and（12） ____ styles. Make-up The make up is inspired by（13） ____ worn by dancers in（14） ____ ，（15） ____ ，and（16） ____ Dynasty operas.The colour of the made up face indicates the（17） ____ or（18） ____ of the role. Costumes& Props The costumes are based on（19） ____ .The props are（20） ____ ，but not so（21） ____ that they detract from the performance. Performance The（22） ____ depends on the performance of the actors and actresses.Performers use their（23） ____ and（24） ____ to help convey meanings. Beijing Opera Beijing Opera，China's national opera，originated in the late 18th century and is a mixture of music，dance，art and acrobatics.It is the most influential and representative of all operas in China. Based upon traditional Anhui Opera，it has adopted its repertoire，music and performing techniques from Kun Opera （a local opera from Jiangsu Province） and Qinqiang Opera （from Shaanxi Province） as well as traditional folk tunes in its development，eventually forming its own highly stylised music and performing techniques. Beijing Opera can be divided into "civil" pieces，which are characterised by singing，and "martial" ones，which feature acrobatics and stunts.Some operas are combinations of both. Its repertoire includes historical plays，comedies，tragedies and farces.Many historical events are adapted for Beijing Opera plays，which in the past were an important primer on history and ethical principles for poorly-educated people. There are four roles in general：the male，the female，the"painted face"，and the clown，which are further classified by age and profession.Sheng （male roles） can be divided into three categories：the old，the young and the martial arts expert.Dan（female roles） includes qingyi（a quiet and gentle lady），huadan （a lively woman），wudan（a woman with martial arts skills），daomadan（a woman skilled in fighting with weapons or on a horse） and laodan（an old woman）.Jing（painted face roles） is always played by men with brightly coloured faces.Chou（clown roles） is marked by a dab of white on the ridge of the nose.This character is sometimes positive，kind-hearted and humourous，but sometimes negative，cunning or silly.Each role has its fixed singing and acting styles. Like the acting and singing，the make-up is stylised，inspired by the masks worn by dancers in Tang，Song and Yuan Dynasty operas.The make-up highlights and exaggerates the principal features of the characters. For the painted face role，the colour of their made-up faces can be an indication of their characters or personalities.Red indicates uprightness and loyalty，white craftiness and cunning.Blue indicates a vigorous，courageous and enterprising nature while yellow means an intelligent character，but a less extroverted one.Black shows a sound and honest character while green is often the symbol of a brave and irritable one. The costumes are based on those of the Ming Dynasty，no matter when the story is set.The props can include a cloth wall，tents，whips，paddles and weapons.The props are realistic，but not so elaborate that they detract from the performance.Exaggeration and symbolism are characteristics of the opera.Holding a whip is enough to indicate that an actor is galloping on a horse.A few soldiers on the stage may represent a whole army.An actor's circling the stage suggests a long journey. Often there is just a table and a few chairs on the stage.The description of many situations depends on the performance of the actors and actresses.Opening a door，walking at night，rowing a boat，eating，drinking and the like are all demonstrated by the stylised movements of the actors and actresses.Performers also use their eyes and facial expressions to help convey the specific meaning. In the past 200 years，numerous schools and celebrated performers have emerged.As a result of the hard work of hundreds of artists over the past two centuries，Beijing Opera has become a refined art form and now represents an important part of Chinese culture.Read the passage and complete the following ch art with the information you have gained.Beijing Opera Origin Beijing Opera originated in（1） ____ and is a mixture of（2） ____ .Based on（3） ____ Opera，it has adopted its repertoire，（4） ____ and（5） ____ from（6） ____ Opera and （7） ____ Opera as well as traditional folk tunes. Role There are four roles in Beijing Opera：（8） ____ ，（9） ____ ，（10） ____ .Each role has its （11） ____ ，and（12） ____ styles. Make-up The make up is inspired by（13） ____ worn by dancers in（14） ____ ，（15） ____ ，and（16） ____ Dynasty operas.The colour of the made up face indicates the（17） ____ or（18） ____ of the role. Costumes& Props The costumes are based on（19） ____ .The props are（20） ____ ，but not so（21） ____ that they detract from the performance. Performance The（22） ____ depends on the performance of the actors and actresses.Performers use their（23） ____ and（24） ____ to help convey meanings.