题目
测定铅锡合金中Pb、Sn含量时,称取试样0.2000g,用盐酸溶解后,准确加入50.00mL 0.03000mol/L的EDTA,50mL水,加热煮沸2min,冷后,用六次甲基四胺调节溶液至pH=5.5,使铅锡定量络合.用二甲酚橙作指示剂,用0.03000mol/L的1Pb(Ac)2标准溶液回滴EDTA,用去3.00mL.然后加入足量NH4F,加热至40℃左右,再用上述Pb2+标准溶液滴定,用去35.00mL,计算试样中Pb和Sn的质量分数.
测定铅锡合金中Pb、Sn含量时,称取试样0.2000g,用盐酸溶解后,准确加入50.00mL 0.03000mol/L的EDTA,50mL水,加热煮沸2min,冷后,用六次甲基四胺调节溶液至pH=5.5,使铅锡定量络合.用二甲酚橙作指示剂,用0.03000mol/L的1Pb(Ac)2标准溶液回滴EDTA,用去3.00mL.然后加入足量NH4F,加热至40℃左右,再用上述Pb2+标准溶液滴定,用去35.00mL,计算试样中Pb和Sn的质量分数.
题目解答
答案
共有EDTA=0.05×0.03=0.0015 mol
剩余EDTA=0.03×0.003=0.00009 mol
NH4F用于使SnEDTA解离,故有Sn=0.03×0.035=0.00105 mol=0.00105×118.7=0.124635 g
Sn%=0.124635/0.2=62.32%
共有Pb=0.0015-0.00009-0.00105=0.00036 mol=0.00036×207.2=0.074592 g
Pb%=0.074592/0.2=37.30%
剩余EDTA=0.03×0.003=0.00009 mol
NH4F用于使SnEDTA解离,故有Sn=0.03×0.035=0.00105 mol=0.00105×118.7=0.124635 g
Sn%=0.124635/0.2=62.32%
共有Pb=0.0015-0.00009-0.00105=0.00036 mol=0.00036×207.2=0.074592 g
Pb%=0.074592/0.2=37.30%
解析
步骤 1:计算EDTA的总量
EDTA的总量为50.00mL,浓度为0.03000mol/L,因此EDTA的摩尔数为:
\[ n_{EDTA} = 0.05000 \times 0.03000 = 0.001500 \text{ mol} \]
步骤 2:计算剩余EDTA的量
用0.03000mol/L的Pb(Ac)2标准溶液回滴EDTA,用去3.00mL,因此剩余EDTA的摩尔数为:
\[ n_{剩余EDTA} = 0.00300 \times 0.03000 = 0.0000900 \text{ mol} \]
步骤 3:计算Sn的量
加入足量NH4F后,用0.03000mol/L的Pb(Ac)2标准溶液滴定,用去35.00mL,因此Sn的摩尔数为:
\[ n_{Sn} = 0.03500 \times 0.03000 = 0.001050 \text{ mol} \]
Sn的质量为:
\[ m_{Sn} = 0.001050 \times 118.7 = 0.124635 \text{ g} \]
步骤 4:计算Pb的量
Pb的摩尔数为EDTA总量减去剩余EDTA的量再减去Sn的量:
\[ n_{Pb} = 0.001500 - 0.0000900 - 0.001050 = 0.0003600 \text{ mol} \]
Pb的质量为:
\[ m_{Pb} = 0.0003600 \times 207.2 = 0.074592 \text{ g} \]
步骤 5:计算Pb和Sn的质量分数
Pb的质量分数为:
\[ \omega_{Pb} = \frac{0.074592}{0.2000} \times 100\% = 37.30\% \]
Sn的质量分数为:
\[ \omega_{Sn} = \frac{0.124635}{0.2000} \times 100\% = 62.32\% \]
EDTA的总量为50.00mL,浓度为0.03000mol/L,因此EDTA的摩尔数为:
\[ n_{EDTA} = 0.05000 \times 0.03000 = 0.001500 \text{ mol} \]
步骤 2:计算剩余EDTA的量
用0.03000mol/L的Pb(Ac)2标准溶液回滴EDTA,用去3.00mL,因此剩余EDTA的摩尔数为:
\[ n_{剩余EDTA} = 0.00300 \times 0.03000 = 0.0000900 \text{ mol} \]
步骤 3:计算Sn的量
加入足量NH4F后,用0.03000mol/L的Pb(Ac)2标准溶液滴定,用去35.00mL,因此Sn的摩尔数为:
\[ n_{Sn} = 0.03500 \times 0.03000 = 0.001050 \text{ mol} \]
Sn的质量为:
\[ m_{Sn} = 0.001050 \times 118.7 = 0.124635 \text{ g} \]
步骤 4:计算Pb的量
Pb的摩尔数为EDTA总量减去剩余EDTA的量再减去Sn的量:
\[ n_{Pb} = 0.001500 - 0.0000900 - 0.001050 = 0.0003600 \text{ mol} \]
Pb的质量为:
\[ m_{Pb} = 0.0003600 \times 207.2 = 0.074592 \text{ g} \]
步骤 5:计算Pb和Sn的质量分数
Pb的质量分数为:
\[ \omega_{Pb} = \frac{0.074592}{0.2000} \times 100\% = 37.30\% \]
Sn的质量分数为:
\[ \omega_{Sn} = \frac{0.124635}{0.2000} \times 100\% = 62.32\% \]