14.单选题This period in history is often ___ the Age of Exploration.A referred toB referred asC referring to asD referred to as

suspectA. vt.组织B. adj.道德的C. n.政策,方针D. n.嫌疑犯;vi.怀疑

anabolism, excitability, homeostasis, hormones, internal environment, kidney, metabolism, pathology, physiology, right ventricle(1) _______ The study of how living organisms work. The goal is to study the normal functions and their regular patterns of organs or organ systems of living organism.(2) _______ It illustrates the discipline of the development and the evolution of disease.(3) _______ It means all the chemical reactions in all the cells of the body, and includes all material and energy transformations that occur in the body.(4) _______ The synthesis of large molecules from smaller ones.(5) _______ It is the environment that all cells of the body live.(6) _______ It pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it absorbs oxygen from the air.(7) _______ Its chief function is to control the composition of the extracellular fluid.(8) _______ They play a major role in the regulation of many different organs and are particularly important in the regulation of the menstrual cycle and other aspects of reproduction.(9) _______ The state maintenance of constancy and balance in one’s internal environment.(10) _______ It is the ability of certain kinds of cells (excitable cells) to make response to the stimulus. Essentially, it is the ability of cells to generate action potential.

When it comes to difficult puzzles，we're often told to take our time and think the problem through carefully，as any impulsive （凭借冲动的） response we come up with stands a good chance of being wrong．But a new study suggests it might be better to trust your gut （魄力） after all．Researchers in the US say that"aha!"moments-when all the pieces of a puzzle suddenly fall into place so we can produce the solution to a difficult problem-are real，and that sudden insight （领悟） is actually more reliable than finding an answer through the drawn-out process of methodical thought．"Conscious （理性的），analytic thinking can sometimes be rushed or careless，leading to mistakes while solving a problem，"said John Kounios from Drexel University．"However，insight is unconscious and automatic-it can't be rushed．"To test their idea that"aha!"moments could deliver more accurate responses than analytical thinking，Kounios and his team challenged participants to do a range of puzzles．Some were linguistic puzzles，some visual-based （以视觉为基础的），and others combined both．In the linguistic puzzles，the participants had to perform tasks such as finding the right word given a number of related word clues （线索）．In visual puzzles，an image might be scrambled （弄乱），and they'd have to say what they thought the unscrambled image originally showed．In either case，each experiment consisted of 50to 180puzzles，with each puzzle being limited to about 15seconds．Once participants gave their response，they reported whether they came to the solution through a moment of insight or via a process of analytical thinking．The findings，reported in Thinking & Reasoning，suggest that insight-or at least the extent （程度） to which participants chalked up their success to insight-wins out over analytical thought．In the linguistic puzzles，94percent of insight responses were correct，against 78percent for analytic thinking．In visual puzzles the contrast was even more obvious：78percent vs 42percent．Of course，research like this is only as reliable as the participants'self-reporting-and in experiments like this，their awareness of how they arrived at the solutions is a concept too blurry （模糊不清的） to accurately measure-but even so，the observable gap between insight and analytic thinking is interesting to note．According to the researchers，one of the reasons analytic responses fared poorly against insight is that the puzzles were timed-leading to rushed，late responses with just seconds to spare，often the result of guessing based on analytical but incomplete deduction （推理）．"Deadlines create a feeling of anxiety，"said Kounios．"Anxiety changes one's thinking from insightful to analytical．Deadlines are helpful in keeping people on task，but if creative ideas are needed，it's better to have a soft target date．A drop-dead deadline will get results，but they are less likely to be creative results．"It does not mean that sudden moments of insight will necessarily help you to solve any kind of problem．As the researchers point out，complex prblems that have known strategic solutions-such as arithmetic （算术），for example-are often best solved through analytical thinking．But for puzzles where a set path hasn't already been well established，waiting for your insight to surface might just be the better approach．"This means that in all kinds of personal and professional situations，when a person has a real sudden insight，then the idea has to be taken seriously，"said Kounios．"It may not always be correct，but it can have a higher probability of being right than an idea that is methodically worked out．"65．According to Paragraph 2，an"aha!"moment means the time when people___．A．spend a long time solving a problem properlyB．get the answer to a problem throug insightC．find a reliable approach to creative thinkingD．try their best to avoid mistakes in arithmetic66．The underlined"linguistic puzzles"in paragraph 4refer to the puzzles that___．A．are connected with language or wordsB．are too hard for people to work outC．have to be done during a limited period of timeD．people can only solve with the help of experience67．According to the author，which of the following is probably a reason for doubting the conclusion drawn from the experiment led by John Kounios？___A．The purpose of the experiment was impractical．B．There were not enough participants in the experiment．C．It's hard to ensure the accuracy of the participants'reports．D．The experiment is too simple to cover all the cases in real life．68．The researchers think the experiment fails to show the advantage of analytic thinking partly because of___．A．the participants'personalitiesB．the large number of the puzzlesC．the limited time for the puzzlesD．the difference in the participants'habit69．According to the passage，when people do arithmetic，it's better for them to use___．A．insightB．analytical thinkingC．both insight and analytical thinkingD．either insight or analytical thinking70．John Kounios is most likely to agree that___．A．the more time one spends in solving a problem，the fewer mistakes they makeB．anxiety can make people choose analysis rather than turn to insightC．a drop-dead deadline is often considered to encourage people's creativityD．it is often the case that a sudden insight is more reliable than analytical thought．

Directions:Complete the passage with suitable words below. You may not use any of the words more than once.dangers lack attending later nightlyeasier benefit allowed persuaded apparentlyIf you've got a child getting ready to pack up for college, there are some ways you can help.First, surf the college website. Go to the website of the school your child will be 1) ____ and, together, explore the academic side of things. The more your child knows about college requirements, available majors and minors, and individual course offerings, the 2) ________ it'll be for him or her to navigate the college once there.Second, set the e-rules. Determine how often your child wants you to call. And decide on social media rules:Are you 3) ________ to post to your student's wall?Can you tag them in family photos? Are you going to be "friended" at all?Third, have "the talk." It's not too late - or too soon - to review the basics. Discuss with your child about the 4) ________ of college: too much partying, mental health problems, safety risks, and simple 5) ________ of sleep. If this is your child's first extended time away from home, they will 6) ________ from your life experience.Fourth, resign as manager. Many parents, especially conscientious (煞费苦心的) ones, are used to "helping" their kids study for tests, "reminding" them of upcoming deadlines, and "going over" the homework 7) ________.But one of the most essential skills in college is for your child to learn to do all these on their own.Don't stand in the way of your child's becoming a good student - and a responsible adult - by holding onto a high-school parenting model.

6) If we d all work together,I think we could our goal.A. accompanyB. solveC. resolveD. accomplish

If we all work together I think we could _ our goal.A. accompanyB. solveC. resolveD. accomplish

Directions: Replace the underlined expressions in the sentences with the correct form of the expressions below. You may need to make other changes.in the wake of in sb.'s shoes other than push through stay true to take on1. The headmaster encouraged his students to remain loyal to their dreams and goals, which he thought were crucial to success. _________2. She decided to keep going despite all the obstacles, and in the end, she successfully achieved her goals. _________3. If you are not in another person's situation, you can never really feel the same thing. _________4. Trudy decided to accept the challenge and bravely took part in the fashion show at school. _________5. Following financial difficulties, he understood the hardships of life and began taking part-time jobs to help his family. _________6. When selecting universities, students consider factors besides school rankings, such as the school's location or national needs. _________

Complete the following paragraph with words from the word bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.inspiration, collaboration, accessiblefrequent, admission, incredibletough, attends, declaringrenews, options, communityblend, passion, enrolledMaking the choice between our dream universities reflects, in some way, our choice for future life. As Stanford, the author's dream school, had already given her the offer of a place, she was faced with 1.____decision-making when she was also accepted by Harvard. Having 2.____at Harvard she now feels certain she made the right choice. Harvard provides boundaries 3.____for her to explore as a pre-med student before 4.____her major. Despite the tremendous academic load, help is always within reach through 5.____in study groups, or meeting with her proctor or academic adviser. Harvard's extracurricular activities also offer a variety of experiences for her: The Crimson Dance Team 6.____her passion for dance; the First Year Social Committee provides her with the chance to demonstrate leadership. She has met 7.____international students, from whom she draws 8.____to learn and succeed. Harvard facilities are accessible within walking distance, such as the lecture halls where she 9.____classes and a variety of cafes and restaurants that she 10.____. She is pleased that she has made the right decision which might pave the way for her to achieve greater excellence in the future.

D Is gun play good or bad for children? For many years I emphasized its harmlessness. When concerned parents expressed doubt about letting their children have toy guns, because they didn't want to encourage them in the slightest degree to become criminals, I would explain how little connection there was. In the course of growing up, children have a natural tendency to bring their aggressiveness more and more under control if their parents encourage this. One- to two-year-olds, when they are angry with another child, may bite the child's arm without hesitation. But by 3 or 4 they have already learned that aggression is not right. However, they may pretend to shoot their mother or father, but smiling to assure them that the gun and the aggressive behaviour aren't to be taken seriously. In the 6- to 12-year-old period, children will play an earnest game of war, but it has lots of rules. There may be arguments, but real fights are relatively rare. At this age children don't shoot at their mother or father, even in fun. It's not that the parents have turned stricter; the children's own conscience has. In adolescence aggressive feelings become much stronger, but well brought-up children can turn them into athletics and other petition or into kidding their friends. In other words, I'd explain that playing at war is a natural step in the disciplining of the aggression of young children; that a cautious parent doesn't really need to worry about producing a criminal. But nowadays I'd give parents much more encouragement to guide their child away from violence. A number of incidents have convinced me of the importance of this. One of the first things that made me change my mind, several years ago, was an observation that an experienced nursery school teacher told me about. Her children were hitting each other much more than previously, without reason. When she talked to them, they would protest, "But that's what the Three Stooges do." (This was a children's TV program full of violence which immediately became very popular.) What further shocked me into reconsidering my view was the assassination(暗杀) of the former President, and the fact that some schoolchildren cheered about this. (I didn't so much blame the children as I blamed the kind of parents who will say about a President they dislike, "I'd shoot him if I got the chance!") These incidents made me think of other evidences that Americans often tolerate lawlessness and violence. We were hard on the Indians and the later waves of immigrants. At times we denied justice to groups with different religions or political views. And now a great percentage of our adult as well as our child population has been endlessly fascinated with dramas of Western violence and with cruel crime stories, in movies and on television. This doesn't necessarily mean that we Americans on the average have more aggressiveness inside us than the people of other nations. I think rather that the aggressiveness we have is less controlled, from childhood on. To me it seems very clear that in order to have a more stable and civilized national life we must bring up the next generation of Americans with a greater respect for law and for other people's rights than in the past. There are many ways in which we could and should teach these attitudes. One simple opportunity we could seize in the first half of childhood is to show our disapproval of lawlessness and violence in television programs and in children's gun play. I also believe that the survival of the world now depends on a much greater awareness of the need to avoid war and to actively seek peaceful agreements. There are enough nuclear arms to completely destroy all civilization. This terrifying situation demands a much greater stability and self-control on the part of national leaders and citizens than they have ever shown in the past. We owe it to our children to prepare them deliberately for this awesome responsibility.1. The underlined word "this" in Paragraph 1 refers to _____.A: controlling their aggressivenessB: playing with toy gunsC: aggressive behaviourD: the course of growing up2. Based on the author's view about the relationship between children's aggressiveness and their age, which of the following is true?A: A 2-year old boy knows that it is not correct to behave aggressively.B: The older children become, the less aggressive they will be.C: 6- to 12-year-olds enjoy war games but develop them into argument and serious fights.D: Adolescents' aggressiveness is often displayed in the form of competition.3. What conclusion does the author intend to draw from the story told by the nursery school teacher?A: Watching violence can lower a child's standard of behaviour.B: Violent TV programs should be banned in nursery schools.C: Children are generally lawless or violent nowadays.D: It is acceptable to let children have toy guns.4. What does Paragraph 7 mainly talk about?A: Examples showing that Americans are more aggressive than other nations.B: Evidences proving that America has a long history of lawlessness and violence.C: The idea that children are less able to put their aggressiveness under control.D: More reasons why the author changed his view on the main issue of the article.5. What is a must if people intend to enjoy stability and civilized national life?A: To show disapproval of gun play in television programs.B: To make people aware that there are already enough nuclear arms.C: To elect national leaders with greater stability and self-control.D: To bring up children who show more respect for the law and others' rights.6. Which of the following serves best as the title of the article?A: How Does Age Influence Aggressiveness?B: Are American Children Being More Aggressive?C: Should Children Play With Guns?D: What Should Parents Teach Their Children?